电解制氯技术处理燃煤电厂脱硫废水研究进展  

Research progress on treatment of desulfurization wastewater from coal-fired power plants by electrochlorination technology

作　　者：马双忱[1] 黄陆月 葛昊然 许书峤 郭逍 樊帅军 刘畅[1] MA Shuangchen;HUANG Luyue;GE Haoran;XU Shuqiao;GUO Xiao;FAN Shuaijun;LIU Chang(Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003,China;Guoneng Nanning Power Generation Limited Liability Company,Nanning 530317,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学环境科学与工程系,河北保定071003 [2]国能南宁发电有限责任公司,广西南宁530317

出　　处：《热力发电》2022年第2期12-20,共9页Thermal Power Generation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YF0604305-1)。

摘　　要：燃煤电厂末端废水中高浓度的氯离子是制约废水回用和全厂废水零排放的关键因素,传统的脱硫废水处理方法如化学沉淀法、蒸发结晶,以及新兴的零排放技术如烟道蒸发技术,都不能有效地解决高氯带来的负面问题,甚至因为氯含量过高使技术应用受到限制。基于此,提出电解制氯技术耦合已有的废水处理方法处理燃煤电厂末端废水,并总结了现阶段电催化析氯反应的机理及电极材料研究进展;从电解制氯原理角度剖析了影响电解脱硫废水工艺经济可靠运行的因素,包括宏观电解条件的调控,工艺流程的选择;并分析了燃煤电厂末端废水中的化学需氧量、氨氮、F–、硬度离子以及重金属离子对电解的影响;认为随着析氯反应机理的不断完善,电解制氯技术的技术可行性不断提高的同时,在经济方面也有一定竞争优势。但如何减缓极板结垢倾向,降低其他离子对电解的不利影响,以及优化界面反应过程等还需要开展多方面的研究。The high concentration of chloride ions in terminal wastewater of coal-fired power plants is a key factor restricting wastewater reuse and zero discharge of wastewater from the whole plant.Conventional desulfurization wastewater treatment methods,such aschemical precipitation,evaporation and crystallization,and emerging zero discharge technologies like flue evaporation technology,cannot only effectively solve the negative problems caused by high chlorine situation,but also limit its security application.Based on this,this paper proposes electrochlorination technology coupled with existing wastewater treatment methods to treat this wastewater.The current mechanism of electrochlorination technologyand the research progress of electrode materialsaresummarized.Followedbythe CER theory,factors affecting the economic and reliable operation of the electrolytic desulfurization wastewater process are analyzed,including the regulation of electrolysis conditions and the selection of process flow.The influence of chemical oxygen demand(CODcr),ammonia nitrogen,F-,Ca2+,Mg2+and heavy metal ions in the wastewater of coal-fired power plants on electrolysis is also analyzed.Finally,the economic potential of this process compared with other zero-discharge desulfurization wastewater technologies is analyzed.It is believed that with the continuous improvement of the chlorine evolution reaction mechanism and the continuous improvement of the technical feasibility of electrolytic chlorine production technology,it also has a certain competitive advantage in terms of economy.However,how to reduce the tendency of plate fouling,the adverse effects of other ions on electrolysis,and how to effectively control the interface reaction,still need more attempts.

关 键 词：脱硫废水 电解制氯 电催化 氯离子 次氯酸钠 DSA 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]