基于核酸检测的微流控芯片设计与传热分析  

Design and Heat Transfer Analysis of Microfluidic Chip Based on Nucleic Acid Detection

作　　者：胡润林 王立新[1] 任晓龙 Hu Runlin;Wang Lixin;Ren Xiaolong(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Guangdong Shunde Innovation Design Institute,Foshan 528300,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学机械与动力工程学院,郑州450001 [2]广东顺德创新设计研究院,广东佛山528300

出　　处：《微纳电子技术》2022年第1期58-65,73,共9页Micronanoelectronic Technology

基　　金：科技部创新方法工作专项(2019IM010400-03)。

摘　　要：为了解决传统数字聚合酶链式反应(PCR)扩增过程中移液操作产生的问题以及升降温速率慢的弊端,设计了一种连续流数字PCR微流控芯片,能对包含PCR反应体系的微滴进行快速扩增,可以提升核酸检测过程中的扩增效率。用COMSOL对芯片微通道内部的温度分布和两相流体的共轭传热进行了数值模拟。结果表明,芯片内部能产生95、55和72℃的均匀温区,各个温区的温度变化均在±2℃以内,可以满足PCR的温度要求。微通道内中心区域流体流速最高,且由0.1~20 mm/s变化时,微滴在目标温区的停留时间减少,扩增效率降低。根据仿真结果进行了流速为5、10、15和20 mm/s的实验,仅流速为5 mm/s时符合扩增要求,微流控芯片的扩增效率为PCR扩增仪的98%,扩增时间缩短为扩增仪的18.9%。为进一步开发集微滴生成、扩增和检测于一体的数字PCR设备提供了一种可行的技术手段。To solve the problems caused by pipetting operation and the disadvantages of slow rates of temperature rise and temperature drop in the traditional digital polymerase chain reaction(PCR)amplification process,a continuous flow digital PCR microfluidic chip was designed to rapidly amplify the microdroplets with the PCR reaction system and improve the amplification efficiency in the process of nucleic acid detection.The temperature distribution and conjugate heat transfer of two-phase fluid in microchannels of the chip were numerically simulated by COMSOL.The results show that uniform temperature zones of 95,55 and 72℃ can be produced in the chip,and the temperature variation of each temperature zone is within ±2℃,which can meet the temperature requirements of PCR.The flow velocity in the central region of the microchannel is the highest,and when the flow velocity changes from 0.1 mm/s to 20 mm/s,the residence time of the microdroplets in the target temperature region and the amplification efficiency both decreases.According to the simulation results,the experiments with flow rates of 5,10,15 and 20 mm/s were carried out.Only the flow rate of 5 mm/s meets the amplification requirements,the amplification efficiency of the microfluidic chip is 98% of that of the PCR amplification instrument,and the amplification time is shortened to 18.9% of that of the PCR amplification instrument.It provides a feasible technical means for further development of digital PCR equipment integrating microdroplet generation,amplification and detection.

关 键 词：连续流微流控芯片 微通道 聚合酶链式反应(PCR) 共轭传热 扩增实验 

分 类 号：O551.2[理学—热学与物质分子运动论] O35[理学—物理]