高结构稳定性、低泄漏率三维铜@石墨烯复合相变材料的制备  

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Copper@Graphene Phase Change Composite with High Structural Stability and Low Leakage Rate

作　　者：李晓明[1] 高逸丹 孔庆强[1] 谢莉婧[1] 刘卓[1] 郭晓倩[1] 刘燕珍[1] 卫贤贤[3] 杨晓 张兴华[1] 陈成猛[1,2] Xiaoming Li;Yidan Gao;Qingqiang Kong;Lijing Xie;Zhuo liu;Xiaoqian Guo;Yanzhen Liu;Xianxian Wei;Xiao Yang;Xinghua Zhang;Chengmeng Chen(Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials,Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Taiyuan 030001,China;College of Materials Sciences and Opto-Electronic Technology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;College of Environment and Safety,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所,中国科学院炭材料重点实验室,太原030001 [2]中国科学院大学材料科学与光电技术学院,北京100049 [3]太原科技大学环境与安全学院,太原030024

出　　处：《物理化学学报》2022年第1期143-154,共12页Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21922815, 51802325);the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (201901D211585);the Scientific and Technological Key Project of Shanxi Province (20191102003);the Patent Promotion and Implementation Project of Shanxi Province (20200716);the Key Research and Development (R&D) Projects of Shanxi Province (201903D121007)。

摘　　要：由于能源消费需求的持续增长和传统化学燃料的日益枯竭,对可再生能源的需求日益迫切。以地热能、太阳能为代表的可再生能源脱颖而出。然而,这些能源的应用易受到天气、季节、地点和时间的影响,具有不稳定性、随机性、波动性和间歇性。储能技术是解决上述问题的有效途径,它可以在需要的时候储存或释放能量。在各种储能技术可选材料中,相变材料(PCMs)是智能热能管理和便携式热能领域的有力候选者。大多数相变材料都存在导热系数低、环境污染、熔点泄漏等问题,因此有必要将相变材料封装到支撑骨架材料中。事实上,支撑材料在应用中仍面临着一些重大挑战。首先,骨架材料应能抵抗相变材料在相变过程中的体积变化,即具有良好的结构稳定性。其次,还应具有较高的导热系数和较低的泄漏率。石墨烯气凝胶(GA)已被证明是提高相变材料形状稳定性的有效支撑骨架,但相变引起的泄漏和网络结构的脆性是制约其应用的关键问题。在此,我们提出了一种双脉冲电镀的强化策略,用于制备铜@石墨烯气凝胶(Cu@GA)作为相变储能骨架材料。这一结构设计中,石墨烯气凝胶上的石墨烯片层上均匀地镀上了铜层,且不同片之间被铜镀层所连接。这种铜增强石墨烯气凝胶网络结构赋予复合材料良好的导热性和坚固的骨架稳定性,有利于增强相变换热和抑制相变过程中的泄漏。此外,通过真空浸渍法将十八胺(ODA)封装在Cu@GA骨架中,获得了结构稳定性高、泄漏率低的复合相变材料(Cu@GA/ODA),保证了ODA在Cu@GA骨架材料中的均匀分散和填充。通过比较复合相变材料的重量变化,研究了不同骨架对复合相变材料泄漏率的影响。优化后的复合相变材料(CPCM)Cu@GA/ODA经20次储热、放热循环后,泄漏率降低至19.82%(w,质量分数),而GA/ODA和GOA/ODA为骨架的复合相变材料的泄漏率分别�Owing to the continuous increase in energy consumption and the growing depletion of traditional fossil fuels, the development of renewable energy is becoming increasingly urgent. Renewable energy has come to the fore, represented by geothermal energy and solar energy. However, the application of these energy sources is highly susceptible to weather, season, location, and time. Thus, these alternative energies are unstable, random, fluctuating, intermittent, and inefficient. The development of energy storage technologies can efficiently solve these problems, storing and releasing energy when needed. Among the key materials used in various energy-storage technologies, phase-change materials(PCMs) are strong candidates for smart thermal energy management and portable thermal energy sectors. As most innate PCMs face issues of low thermal conductivity, environmental pollution, and leakage over their melting point, encapsulating PCMs into supporting materials is necessary. However, these supporting materials face significant challenges in their application. First, skeleton materials should be resistant to the PCM volume changes during melting and solidification processes to achieve suitable structural stability. Second, skeleton materials should also have high thermal conductivity and a low leakage rate. Graphene aerogel(GA) has proven to be an effective supporting skeleton to improve the shape-stability of PCMs;however, the leakage caused by the phase transition and the brittleness of the network structure is a primary problem restricting its application. Skeleton materials play a crucial role in the performance of PCMs. Herein, we propose a double-pulse plating reinforcement strategy for fabricating copper@graphene aerogel(Cu@GA) as a skeleton material for phase change energy. In this design, individual nanosheets of the GA were uniformly covered and interlinked by copper particles. The Cu@GA interlinked networks ensure suitable thermal conductivity and a robust framework, beneficial for phase change heat transfer an

关 键 词：电镀 铜/石墨烯气凝胶 三维石墨烯骨架 相变材料 脆性 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]