水稻中敌稗和莎稗磷的残留水平及膳食风险评估  

Residual levels and dietary risk assessments of propanil and anilofos in rice

作　　者：黄永凯 胡继业[1] HUANG Yong-kai;HU Ji-ye(School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学化学与生物工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《农药》2022年第2期118-122,148,共6页Agrochemicals

摘　　要：[目的]建立敌稗和莎稗磷在水稻糙米、稻壳和秸秆中的残留分析方法,应用该方法检测水稻样品残留水平,并评估慢性膳食摄入风险。[方法]样品中目标化合物采用乙腈提取,经无水MgSO4、PSA和MWCNTs净化,高效液相色谱串联质谱检测。[结果]敌稗在糙米、稻壳和秸秆上的平均回收率在81.9%~100.7%之间,相对标准偏差(RSDs)在0.4%~9.4%之间。莎稗磷在糙米、稻壳和秸秆上的平均回收率在73.7%~97.0%之间,相对标准偏差在0.9%~4.5%之间。2种化合物在糙米上的定量限(LOQs)为0.01 mg/kg,在稻壳和秸秆上的LOQs均为0.05 mg/kg。35%敌稗·莎稗磷乳油以推荐用量1050 g a.i./hm^(2),在水稻4~5叶期或杂草3~4叶期施用1次,在水稻收获期采集样本。敌稗和莎稗磷在12地糙米样品中残留量均<0.01 mg/kg,在稻壳和秸秆中均<0.05 mg/kg。敌稗和莎稗磷的国家估算每日摄入量(NEDI)均为0.0024 mg,慢性风险商在0.019%~3.81%之间。[结论]该方法的灵敏度、正确度、精密度和线性结果满足农药残留分析要求。来自我国12个地区的水稻田间样品检测结果表明,这2种除草剂在水稻收获期的残留水平均低于LOQs。根据慢性膳食风险评估结果,在推荐的良好农业规范(GAP)条件下施用35%敌稗·莎稗磷乳油不会对消费者产生潜在风险。[Aims] This study aims to establish a method for residue analysis of propanil and anilofos in brown rice, husk and straw, for detecting the residual levels of rice samples, and evaluating the risk of chronic dietary intake. [Methods] The target compounds in the samples were extracted with acetonitrile, purified by anhydrous Mg SO4, PSA and MWCNTs,and detected by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. [Results] The average recoveries of propanil on brown rice, husk and straw were between 81.9 and 100.7%, and the relative standard deviations(RSDs)were between 0.4 and 9.4%. The average recoveries of anilofos on brown rice, husk and straw were between 73.7 and97.0%, and the relative standard deviations were between 0.9 and 4.5%. The limits of quantification(LOQs) of the two compounds on brown rice were 0.01 mg/kg, and the LOQs on husk and straw were both 0.05 mg/kg. The propanil·anilofos 35% emulsifiable concentrate was used once at the recommended dosage of 1050 g a.i./ha in the 4-5 leaf stage of rice or 3-4 leaf stage of weed. The samples were collected during the harvest period of rice. The residue levels of propanil and anilofos in brown rice samples from 12 regions were both <0.01 mg/kg, in rice husk and straw samples were both <0.05 mg/kg. The national estimated daily intake(NEDI) of propanil and anilofos were both 0.0024 mg, and the chronic risk quotients were between 0.019 and 3.81%. [Conclusions] The sensitivity, trueness, precision and linearity of the method met the requirements of pesticide residue analysis. The rice samples from 12 regions in China were determined, and the results showed that the residue levels of these two herbicides during the harvest period of rice were all below the LOQs. According to the results of chronic dietary risk assessment, the application of the propanil·anilofos 35% emulsifiable concentrate formulation under the recommended Good Agricultural Practice(GAP)conditions could not pose potential risks to consumers.

关 键 词：膳食风险评估 最终残留 敌稗 莎稗磷 水稻 

分 类 号：TQ450.2[化学工程—农药化工]