公正世界信念对第三方惩罚的影响:来自ERP的证据  

The Influence of Belief in A Just World on Third-Party Punishment:An ERP Study

作　　者：贺雯[1] 员秀 罗俊龙[1] He Wen;Yun Xiu;Luo Junlong(College of Education,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai,200234;Shanghai Minhang Zhuanqiao Middle School,shanghai,201108)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学教育学院,上海200234 [2]上海市闵行区颛桥中学,上海201108

出　　处：《心理科学》2021年第6期1390-1395,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(17BSH093);上海市教育发展基金会和上海市教育委员会“曙光计划”(19SG43)的资助。

摘　　要：采用事件相关电位技术(ERP)考察公正世界信念对第三方惩罚的影响。行为结果显示,高公正世界信念个体的第三方惩罚显著多于低公正世界信念个体,低公正世界信念个体在高不公正提议下的第三方惩罚显著增加;ERP结果显示,高公正世界信念个体比低公正世界信念个体诱发了更大的MFN波幅和更小的P300波幅,且高公正世界信念个体的MFN波幅在高、低不公正提议下没有差异,低公正世界信念个体在高不公正提议下的MFN波幅明显更大。这说明高公正世界信念个体更愿意做出第三方惩罚,且惩罚行为更多基于自身对于公正结果的预期,较少受到提议公正性的影响;而低公正世界信念个体的第三方惩罚会随提议不公正性的提高而增加。Third-party punishment refers to the phenomenon that individuals sacrifice their own interests to punish the violators when the violation has nothing to do with their own interests(Fehr&Fischbacher,2004).Although third-party punishment is encouraged as a typical altruistic behavior,it is not common in the real world.On the contrary,when facing the victims of injustice in real life,people tend to treat them with indifference and seldom carry out third-party punishment.Lerner(1977)put forward the belief in a just world theory to explain these phenomena.Belief in a just world means that people need to believe that the world they live in is a just and orderly world,in which people get what they deserve.The significant individual difference of belief in a just world may lead to different behavioral responses to an unfair event.However,relatively few studies have explored the impact of belief in a just world on third-party punishment from the perspective of individual differences.This study will explore the impact of belief in the just world on third-party punishment.In addition,MFN and P300 are the two most common components in the ERP study of third-party punishment.So far,the neural mechanisms of justice and third-party punishment have been studied.Belief in a just world,as a subjective cognition of justice,is still lack of research on the neural mechanism of third-party punishment.Based on this,it is necessary to study the neural mechanism of belief in a just world that affects third-party punishment.In our study,the Personal Belief in a Just World Scale was used to test 83 college students.After excluding invalid data,the score results were ranked from high to low.The participants with the highest score of 27%were regarded as the group with high belief in a just world,while the participants with the lowest score of 27%were regarded as the group with low belief in a just world.Finally,there were 36 participants,18 of whom were in the high belief in a just world group and 18 of whom were in the low belief in a just

关 键 词：公正世界信念 第三方惩罚 ERP 

分 类 号：B848.4[哲学宗教—心理学]