一种聚合物沥青质抑制剂的抑制机理研究  

Study on the Inhibition Mechanism of a Polymer Asphaltene Inhibitor

作　　者：郑存川[1] 扶浩然 Zheng Cunchuan;Fu Haoran(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学化学化工学院,四川成都610500

出　　处：《广东化工》2021年第23期46-48,共3页Guangdong Chemical Industry

摘　　要：原油中的沥青质聚集沉积在管道导致原油的开采运输困难。首先通过对沥青质本身的紫外以及红外光谱进行分析,得出了沥青质在稠油中的聚集原理。然后对沥青质添加抑制剂前后的红外、分散性、粒径分布以及扫描电镜的表征,得出了沥青质抑制剂的抑制机理为:沥青质析出是由于抑制剂和沥青质之间发生氢键、分子间作用力以及π-π堆积或共轭等作用,使其原来的规整结构被破坏,降低了其分子间或分子内相互缔合的能力。从而得出该聚合物抑制剂为两亲性剂聚合物,改变沥青质分子极性且具有分散和吸附作用使得沥青质不易沉积。Asphaltenes in crude oil collect and deposit in pipelines causing difficulties in extraction and transportation of crude oil. The principle of asphaltene aggregation in thick oil was first analyzed by UV and IR spectra of asphaltene itself. The inhibition mechanism of the asphaltene inhibitor was then characterized by IR, dispersion, particle size distribution, and SEM before and after the addition of the inhibitor, and it was concluded that the asphaltene precipitation was due to hydrogen bonding, intermolecular forces, and metal ion complexation between the inhibitor and the asphaltene, which destroyed its original regular structure and reduced its inter-or intra-molecular ability to associate with each other. Thus, the inhibitor is an amphiphilic substance, which changes the polarity of asphaltene molecules and has the effect of dispersion and adsorption, making asphaltene less likely to be deposited.

关 键 词：沥青质 聚集原理 抑制机理 氢键 分子间作用力 Π-Π堆积 

分 类 号：TE35[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]