煤焦油储罐火灾处置技术研究  

Research on Fire Disposal Technology of Coal Tar Storage Tank

作　　者：傅柄棋 李有东 何立 Fu Bingqi;Li Youdong;He Li(Fire and Rescue Training Brigade of Kunming,Kunming 650208;NingXia Fire and Rescue Brigade,Yingchuan 750000;Zhangzhou Public Security Fire Divisio,Zhangzhou 363000,China)

机构地区：[1]应急管理部消防救援局昆明训练总队,云南昆明650208 [2]宁夏消防救援总队,宁夏·银川750000 [3]福建省漳州市消防救援支队,福建漳州363000

出　　处：《广东化工》2021年第23期73-75,共3页Guangdong Chemical Industry

摘　　要：煤焦油是煤在干馏和气化过程中副产的具有刺激性臭味、黑色或黑褐色、黏稠状的液体产品。煤焦油一般储存于固定顶储罐中,与一般油品相比,具有密度大于水、粘性强、热值高等特点,其灭火救援技战术具有一定特殊性。近年来,煤焦化储罐火灾时有发生,给消防救援队伍处置带来较大困难。本文以煤焦化储罐结构为基础,根据灾情特点,从力量调集、固定消防设施运用、泡沫持续供液技术、全液面火灾扑救技术及注意事项等方面就煤焦油储罐火灾的处置技术进行了探讨研究,以期今后对该类型火灾的灭火救援行动提供参考。Coal tar is a byproduct of dry distillation and gasification of coal,which is pungent odor,black or black brown,viscous liquid.Generally,coal tar is stored in fixed roof storage tanks,it has the characteristics of higher density than water,stronger viscosity and higher calorific value compared with other oil products and its fire fighting and rescue techniques and tactics have certain particularity.In recent years,the fire of coal coking tank happens frequently,which brings great difficulty to the disposal of fire rescue team.In this paper,based on the coal tar storage tank structure and the characteristics of the disaster,from the aspects of force mobilization,fixed fire protection facilities,continuous foam supply technology,full surface fire fighting and rescue technology and matters needing attention of coal tar tank fire disposal technology are discussed,in order to provide reference for fire fighting and rescue operations of this type of fire in the future.

关 键 词：煤焦油 固定顶储罐 泡沫灭火剂 火灾处置技术 

分 类 号：TQ520.8[化学工程—煤化学工程]