6种大型丛生竹造林后的竹笋产量及相关性分析  

The bamboo shoot yield and correlation analysis of six large clustered bamboos after afforestation

作　　者：蒙兰杨 黄雪芬 黄大勇[2] 唐武 潘永光 邓莉明 余慧连 韦旖旎 MENG Lanyang;HUANG Xuefen;HUANG Dayong;TANG Wu;PAN Yongguang;DENG Liming;YU Huilian;WEI Yini(Nanning Academy of Forestry,Nanning 530107,Guangxi,China;Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Nanning 530002,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]南宁市林业科学研究所,广西南宁530107 [2]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院,广西南宁530002

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2022年第2期46-54,共9页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：广西林业科研与推广项目“森林竹海式经济林竹种培育技术推广”(gl2019kt09)。

摘　　要：【目的】大型丛生竹是广西各地发展笋材两用林优先考虑的竹种类型。研究6种大型丛生竹的竹笋产量及其与竹丛结构因子的相关性,为广西大型丛生竹优良竹种选择及栽培提供依据。【方法】按照随机区组试验设计方法安排6种大型丛生竹造林,造林后第3年调查竹丛结构和竹笋产量,采用方差分析和Duncan多重比较方法比较不同竹种的竹笋产量差异性,并分析竹笋产量和竹丛结构因子之间的相关性。【结果】单丛竹平均年产笋量为勃氏甜龙竹(16.30 kg)>田林麻竹(13.00 kg)>吊丝球竹(6.88 kg)>撑绿杂交竹30号(5.85 kg)>马来甜龙竹(3.77 kg)>壮绿竹(3.55 kg),年发笋数量为勃氏甜龙竹(5.24个)>田林麻竹(4.55个)>撑绿杂交竹30号(2.82个)>吊丝球竹(2.48个)>马来甜龙竹(2.06个)>壮绿竹(1.69个),单个竹笋质量为勃氏甜龙竹(3.09 kg)>田林麻竹(2.86 kg)>吊丝球竹(2.76 kg)>壮绿竹(2.10 kg)>撑绿杂交竹30号(2.07 kg)>马来甜龙竹(1.82 kg);勃氏甜龙竹和田林麻竹不但盛笋期长,而且竹笋产量和数量显著高于其他4个竹种(P<0.05);勃氏甜龙竹、田林麻竹和吊丝球竹的单个竹笋质量显著大于壮绿竹、撑绿杂交竹30号和马来甜龙竹。立竹胸径越大,田林麻竹、马来甜龙竹、撑绿杂交竹30号、壮绿竹、勃氏甜龙竹的竹笋产量和发笋数量或单个竹笋质量越大;立竹量越大,吊丝球竹的竹笋产量、发笋数量及勃氏甜龙竹的发笋数量越大;竹丛蔸部占地面积越大,勃氏甜龙竹、撑绿杂交竹30号、壮绿竹的竹笋产量、撑绿杂交竹30号的出笋数量和吊丝球竹的单个竹笋质量越大。【结论】不同竹种的出笋高峰期及其持续时间不同。勃氏甜龙竹和田林麻竹的竹笋产量较高、单个竹笋质量较大、产笋盛期较长,是广西南宁引种栽培的优选竹种。立竹胸径对大型丛生竹竹笋产量的影响比立竹数量和竹丛蔸部占地面积的影响更大。【Objective】Large clustered bamboo is the preferred type of bamboo species in Guangxi,to develop dual-purpose forests for shoot and timber.In this study,the bamboo shoot yield of six large clustered bamboos and its correlation with bamboo cluster structure factors were studied,to provide a preliminary practical basis for the selection and cultivation of large clustered bamboo species in Guangxi.【Method】According to the random block experiment design method,six large clustered bamboos were planted,and the bamboo clump structure and bamboo shoot yield were determined in the third year after afforestation.The differences in bamboo shoot yield among different bamboo species were compared by ANOVA and Duncan multiple comparison methods,and the correlation between bamboo shoot yield and bamboo clump structure factors was analyzed.【Result】The annual bamboo shoot yield per clump was Dendrocalamus brandisii(16.30 kg)>Dendrocalamus latiflorus(13.00 kg)>Bambusa beecheyana(6.88 kg)>B.pervariabilis×B.Grandis#30(5.85 kg)>D.aspera(3.77 kg)>B.vadidus(3.55 kg).The number of annual shoots per clump was Dendrocalamus brandisii(5.24)>Tianlin D.latiflorus(4.55)>B.pervariabilis×B.Grandis#30(2.82)>Bambusa beecheyana(2.48)>D.aspera(2.06)>B.vadidus(1.69).The weight of single bamboo shoot was Dendrocalamus brandisii(3.09 kg)>Tianlin D.latiflorus(2.86 kg)>Bambusa beecheyana(2.76 kg)>B.vadidus(2.10 kg)>B.pervariabilis×B.grandis#30(2.07 kg)>D.aspera(1.82 kg).Not only the full shoot periods of Dendrocalamus brandisii and Tianlin D.latiflorus were longer,but also the shoot yield and quantity were significantly higher than that of the other four bamboo species(P<0.05).The quality of single bamboo shoots of Dendrocalamus brandisii,Tianlin D.latiflorus and Bambusa beecheyana was significantly higher than that of B.vadidus,B.pervariabilis×B.Grandis#30 and D.aspera.The larger of DBH of Dendrocalamus latiflorus,the higher the shoot yield and the more shoot number or the greater single shoot quality of Tianlin D.latiflorus,D.asper,B.pe

关 键 词：大型丛生竹 竹笋产量 竹丛结构 相关性 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]