论票据质押的设立及法律适用  

On the Establishment and Legal Application of Bill Pledge

作　　者：张乐天 ZHANG Letian(East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 200042,China)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学,上海200042

出　　处：《金华职业技术学院学报》2022年第1期80-87,共8页Journal of Jinhua Polytechnic

摘　　要：我国票据担保实践中以单纯交付方式设立票据质权的情形屡见不鲜,对此理论界纷争不止,司法实践也未能达成共识,甚至存在矛盾与冲突。《民法典》出台前,有关票据质押的法律规范,如《担保法》《票据法》《物权法》及相关司法解释等存在诸多矛盾冲突之处。《民法典》生效后,根据第441条之规定,应当认为《民法典》与《票据法》之间是相互分工而非互斥关系,有关票据质权的原因关系由《民法典》调整,设质背书行为之作为与效力问题当由《票据法》调整。是故,票据质押须满足质押合意、设质背书、交付票据三个要件方可设立。In the practice of bill guarantee in China,it is common to establish bill pledge by simple delivery.There are many disputes in the theoretical circle,no consensus in judicial practice,and even contradictions and conflicts.Before the promulgation of the civil code,there were many contradictions and conflicts in the legal norms related to bill pledge,such as guarantee law,bill law,property law and relevant judicial interpretations.After the civil code comes into force,according to the provisions of article 441,it should be considered that there is a mutual division of labor rather than a mutually exclusive relationship between the civil code and the negotiable instrument law.The cause relationship related to the pledge of negotiable instruments should be adjusted by the civil code,and the act and effectiveness of pledge endorsement should be adjusted by the negotiable instrument law.Therefore,the bill pledge can be established only when it meets the three requirements of pledge agreement,pledge endorsement and delivery of bills.

关 键 词：票据质押 票据权利 设质背书 单纯交付 法律冲突 

分 类 号：DF438.7[政治法律—经济法学]