农村住房补贴政策瞄准效果分析——来自“2017年城乡困难家庭抽样入户调查”的经验证据  

Analysis on the Targeting Effect of Rural Housing Subsidy Policy——Empirical Evidence from the“2017 Sample Survey Conducted on Impoverished Households in both Urban and Rural”

作　　者：杨小科[1] Yang Xiaoke(University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100102)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学,北京100102

出　　处：《中国行政管理》2022年第1期74-79,共6页Chinese Public Administration

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“非就业性收入对农村居民收入的补偿性作用及其就业效果研究”(编号:19ASH014)。

摘　　要：本文利用"2017年托底性民生保障政策支持系统建设城乡困难家庭抽样入户调查"数据对农村困难家庭住房补贴瞄准效率和漏保情况进行分析。研究发现:农村住房补贴瞄准存在一定偏差,危房家庭漏保率较高。农村住房补贴瞄准偏差与"住房补贴制度"设计本身有关。农村住房补贴采取"农户自筹为主,政府补助为辅"的资金筹集模式,导致越是富裕的农户,越能利用住房补贴资金。反之,越是贫困的农户,漏报的概率越高;同时,农村住房补贴瞄准偏差也与农民社会网络资本有关。困难家庭社会网络数越高,获得补贴的概率越高;而在漏保影响因素中,困难家庭社会网络数越高,漏保的概率越低。基于文章的研究发现,本文认为农村住房补贴制度在制度设计上需要做出适当调整,对于农村住房困难家庭,提高政府补助额度,降低困难家庭自筹负担;同时,保障方式应该逐步多样化,针对不同家庭提供不同保障方式。This paper analyzes the targeting efficiency and omission of housing subsidies for poor rural families by using the data of the“2017 Sample Household Survey of Poor Urban and Rural Families in the Construction of the Policy Support System for Ensuring basic Livelihood”.The study found that there was some deviation in the target of rural housing subsidies,and the leakage rate of dilapidated houses was high.Rural housing subsidy targeting deviation is related to the design of“Housing Subsidy System”itself.Rural housing subsidies adopt a fund-raising mode of“mainly raised by farmers and supplemented by government subsidy”,so the richer farmers can make more use of housing subsidies and the poorer peasant households have higher probability of underreporting.The rural housing subsidy targeting deviation is also related to farmers’social network capital.The higher the number of poor families’social network,the higher the probability of receiving subsidies.Among the influencing factors,the higher the number of social networks in poor families,the lower the probability of insurance leakage.Finally,the paper proposes the rural housing subsidy system needs to be adjusted appropriately on the system design.For rural families with housing difficulties,the government subsidy amount should be increased to reduce the self-financing burden of poor families.At the same time,the means of security should be gradually diversified,and different means of security should be provided for different families.

关 键 词：住房补贴标准 瞄准偏差 应保已保 应保未保 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]