论万物互联时代的地球空间信息学  

On geospatial information science in the era of IoE

作　　者：李德仁[1,2] 徐小迪 邵振峰[2] LI Deren;XU Xiaodi;SHAO Zhenfeng(School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China;State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079, China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学遥感信息工程学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《测绘学报》2022年第1期1-8,共8页Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42090012);江西省03专项及5G项目(20212ABC03A09);2021年珠海市产学研合作项目(ZH22017001210098PWC);中国工程科技发展战略湖北研究院咨询项目(HB2018ZD03)。

摘　　要：随着5G/6G、云计算、物联网和人工智能等新技术的发展,人类已经进入了万物互联时代。本文探讨万物互联时代地球空间信息技术的五大特点:定位技术从GNSS和地面测量走向无所不在的定位导航定时(PNT)服务体系;遥感技术从孤立的遥感卫星走向空天地传感网络;地理信息服务从地图数据库为主走向真三维实景和数字孪生;3S集成从移动测量发展到智能机器人服务;学科研究范围从对地观测走向物联监测和对人类活动的感知。笔者基于这些特点进一步剖析新时代面临的挑战,并提出新时代地球空间信息学发展亟待解决的三大科学技术问题:测绘学科如何服务人与机器人的共同需求?遥感影像解译的机理是什么和如何突破实现技术的瓶颈?如何利用时空大数据挖掘人与自然的关系,从空间感知走向空间认知?万物互联时代的地球空间信息学,必须且完全可能为万物互联的数字地球和智慧社会做出更大的贡献!With the development of new technologies such as 5G/6G,cloud computing,internet of things and artificial intelligence,we have entered a new era of Internet of Everything(IoE).Five characteristics of geospatial information technology in the era of IoE discussed in this paper as followed:the development of satellite positioning technology has changed from GNSS and ground measurements to PNT system with wider service coverage;remote sensing technology has moved from isolated satellite observation to space-air-ground wireless sensor network;geographic information service moves from map database to true 3D realistic scene and digital twin;3S integration develops from mobile measurement to intelligent robot service;research scope of geospatial information science changes from earth observation to internet of thing monitoring and perception of human activities in order to reveal the relationship between human and environment.On this basis,this paper further analyzes the challenges in the new era,and puts forward three major scientific issues to be solved:How can geographic information products meet the needs of people and robots at the same time?What are the mechanism and bottleneck of remote sensing image interpretation?How to use spatiotemporal big data to mine the relationship between man and nature and realize the leap from spatial perception to spatial cognition?Geospatial information science must and can make greater contributions to the digital earth and intelligent society in the era of IoE!

关 键 词：地球空间信息学 万物互联 时空大数据 云计算 人工智能 空间感知与认知 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]