流动人口的流入地选择机制  

Destination Selection Mechanism of Migrants in China

作　　者：周皓[1,2] 刘文博 Zhou Hao;Liu Wenbo(Center for Sociological Research and Development Studies of China;Department of Sociology,Peking University)

机构地区：[1]北京大学中国社会与发展研究中心,北京100871 [2]北京大学社会学系,北京100871

出　　处：《人口研究》2022年第1期37-53,共17页Population Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“中国流动人口调查的比较研究”(19BRK039)的资助。

摘　　要：基于2017年全国流动人口动态监测调查数据和相关统计年鉴数据,使用嵌套Logit模型,以地级行政区为基本地域单位,以流量流动人口为研究对象,讨论流动人口的流入地选择机制问题。分析结果表明:流动人口中的流量样本与存量样本存在显著的结构性差异,且部分相同变量对两者具有不同作用;流动者个体所能切身感受到的社会经济回报在流入地选择机制中起重要作用;地级特征变量和个体特征变量的交互作用表明地区层级特征对流入地选择机制有异质性影响。结论认为,研究流动人口的不同问题时先要考虑使用流量样本还是存量样本;社会经济"预期回报"而非纯粹的"预期收入"是吸引流动人口的重要因素;流入地选择是流动者基于个体特征、结合流入地特征而做出的综合性的理性决策。Based on the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey and data from relevant statistical yearbooks,this paper uses nested logit model(NLGT)to analyse the destination selection mechanism of floating population in China.This study takes prefecture regions as the basic geographical analysis unit and the flow sample as the research object.The results show significant structural differences between flow sample and stock sample,and heterogeneous effects of the same variables on different samples.The socio-economic returns that floating population can personally feel play an important role in the destination selection mechanism.The interaction between regional level and individual characteristics shows that regional level characteristics have a heterogeneous effect on the selection mechanism.The paper suggests that focusing on flow or stock samples should be based on the specific study aim of different research questions.Expected socio-economic return,rather than expected income,is one of the most important factors attracting floating population.The destination selection is a rational and comprehensive decision made by floating population based on individual characteristics and the regional level characteristics of the destination.

关 键 词：流动人口 流入地选择 选择机制 嵌套Logit模型 地级行政区 

分 类 号：C924.2[社会学—人口学]