不同苗龄云南松异速生长及其表型可塑性  

Allometric growth and phenotypic plasticity of Pinus yunnanensis at different seedling ages

作　　者：王丹 李江飞 李亚麒 颜廷雨 陈诗[1] 许玉兰[1,2] 蔡年辉[1,2] WANG Dan;LI Jiangfei;LI Yaqi;YAN Tingyu;CHEN Shi;XU Yulan;CAI Nianhui(Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,China;Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement&Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,China;Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Baoshan 678000,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学西南山地森林资源保育与利用教育部重点实验室,云南昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学云南省高校林木遗传改良与繁育重点实验室,云南昆明650224 [3]云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所,云南保山678000

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2022年第1期36-44,共9页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860203,31760204);云南省万人计划青年拔尖人才项目(09901-80201441);西南林业大学高值木本油料新种质创制与产业化创新团队(2019HC007)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同苗龄植物各性状间的异速生长能客观反映其生长关系随植物发育的变化,探究苗龄差异对云南松异速生长的影响及表型可塑性,为云南松高效培育提供理论参考。【方法】以不同苗龄云南松苗木为对象,用异速生长分析法对各苗龄云南松生物量和针叶长进行量化分析。【结果】不同苗龄云南松地径、苗高、主根长、侧根长、针叶长均有显著差异,均随着苗龄的增长而增长,且在苗龄为2、3 a时有较高的变异度;在各苗龄器官与植株大小、地上生物量与根的异速生长分析中,均出现了不同的异速生长模式,个体大小和苗龄同时影响异速生长斜率的变化趋势,其中叶受苗龄和个体大小的影响显著,斜率为递增趋势,而在苗龄为3 a时地上生物量与根的异速生长斜率最大,且显著大于1.0,表明生物量分配倾向于地上;茎与根的异速生长关系呈比例稳定生长,异速生长轨迹未发生改变,发现不同苗龄苗木器官间存在趋同进化;由器官间的异速生长关系发现,3年生苗木各器官间针叶的异速生长斜率最大,这时资源分配上向针叶倾斜;由针叶长与叶生物量异速生长关系发现,4年生苗木显著小于2年生苗木和3年生苗木针叶长的生长速率,即2年生苗木、3年生苗木有较大的针叶长。【结论】2年生苗木和3年生苗木有较高的变异度,苗龄对茎与根的生长关系影响不显著,存在趋同进化;苗龄会对云南松根、茎、叶与植株大小,地上生物量与根,叶与根,茎及针叶长与叶生物量异速生长关系产生明显的影响,其中叶生物量和针叶长较为敏感,在苗龄为3 a时有较大的叶生物量和针叶长,因而3年生云南松具有较高的生产能力。【Objective】The study of the allometric growth of various traits of plants at different ages can objectively reflect its growth relationships with plant development.This research aimed to explore the effects of seedling ages on the allometric growth and phenotypic plasticity of Yunnan pine,which provided a theoretical reference for the efficient cultivation of Yunnan pine.【Method】Taking Yunnan pine seedlings of different seedling ages as the objects,the allometric growth analysis method was used to quantitatively analyze the biomass and needle leaf length of Yunnan pine.【Result】The ground diameter,seedling height,main root length,lateral root length and needle leaf length of P.yunnanensis at different ages were significantly different,which increased with seedling age and showed a high degree of variability in 2 a and 3 a.In the allometric growth analysis of organs and plant sizes,aboveground biomass and roots of different ages,varied allometric growth patterns appeared.Individual size and seedling age affected the change trend of the allometric growth slope at the same time.Among them,leaf was significantly affected by seedling age and individual size,and the slope was increasing.The allometric growth slope of aboveground biomass and root exhibited the largest in 3 a,which was significantly greater than 1.0,indicating that biomass distribution tended to be above ground.The allometric growth relationship between stems and roots was proportional and stable,and the allometric growth trajectory did not change.Meanwhile,the work also found convergent evolution existed among organs in the seedlings of different ages.According to the allometric relationship between the organs,it was found that the allometric growth slope of needles among organs was the largest in 3 a,and the resource allocation favored needles.Based on the relationship between needle length and allometric growth of leaf biomass,the growth rate of needles in 4 a was significantly lower than that of 2 a and 3 a,that is,there was a larger needl

关 键 词：云南松 苗龄 异速生长关系 表型可塑性 

分 类 号：S791.257[农业科学—林木遗传育种]