侧向排烟方式下隧道宽度对烟气特性的影响  

Influence of Tunnel Width on Smoke Characteristics in the Lateral Smoke Exhaust Mode

作　　者：曾清珣 毕海权[1] 苟红松 王菁[1] 刘方吉 Zeng Qingxun;Bi Haiquan;Gou Hongsong;Wang Jing;Liu Fangji(School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,610031;China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.,Ltd,Chengdu,610031)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,成都610031 [2]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司,成都610031

出　　处：《制冷与空调（四川）》2021年第6期819-824,共6页Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

摘　　要：基于FDS数值模拟方法,构建采用侧向排烟方式下,断面为不同宽度的公路隧道数值计算模型。研究不同隧道宽度下各行车道上方拱顶处、人员高度处烟气温度分布及排烟口处的排烟效率,以期为人员疏散及实际工程的通风排烟体系设计提供参考依据。研究结果表明:增加隧道宽度有利于降低拱顶及人员高度处烟气温度,但是会导致侧向排烟效率下降,特别在隧道车道数增加为4车道及以上时,排烟效率的衰减率也逐渐增大;在隧道横向方向上,火源处拱顶烟气温度分布呈非对称分布,侧向排烟影响范围有限,对各行车道作用效果不同;对于人员疏散来说,在烟气与冷空气卷吸严重的排烟口附近及隧道纵向方向上烟气蔓延的最远端,危险性较高。Based on the FDS numerical simulation method,a numerical calculation model for highway tunnels with different widths of cross-sections under the lateral smoke exhaust mode is constructed.In order to provide a reference for the design of ventilation and smoke exhaust system for personnel evacuation and actual engineering,this article studies the smoke temperature distribution beneath the vault above each lane and at the personnel height under different tunnel widths,also study the smoke exhaust efficiency at the smoke outlet.The research results show that increasing the width of tunnel is beneficial to reduce the smoke temperature beneath the vault and at the personnel height,but it will result in a decrease in the efficiency of lateral smoke exhaust.Especially when the number of tunnel lanes is increased to 4 lanes or more,the attenuation rate of the smoke exhaust efficiency is also gradually increased.In the transverse direction of the tunnel,the smoke temperature distribution beneath the vault at the fire source is asymmetrical,and the lateral smoke exhaust has a limited range,which has different effects on each traffic lane.For the evacuation of people,near the exhaust port and the farthest end of the smoke spread in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel have severe air entrainment,the risk is higher.

关 键 词：侧向排烟 隧道宽度 烟气特性 公路隧道 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U292.914[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] U453.4[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]