谷子白发病菌最适侵染条件及接菌技术研究  

Study on the optimal infection conditions and inoculation techniques of the foxtail millet downy mildew

作　　者：闫鑫 王鹤 黄国丽 王慧娜 韩渊怀[2,3] 王海岗 郭龙[5] 韩彦卿 Yan Xin;Wang He;Huang Guoli;Wang Huina;Han Yuanhuai;Wang Haigang;Guo Long;Han Yanqing(College of Plant Protection,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China;College of Agriculture,Shanxi Agri-cultural University,Taigu 030801,China;Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Crops Genetic Resources Institute,Taiyuan 030031,China;Institute of Crop Variety Resources,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031,China;Shanxi Province Linfen Fushan County Agriculture,Rural and Water Resources Bureau,Fushan 042600,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学植物保护学院,山西太谷030801 [2]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801 [3]杂粮种质资源发掘与遗传改良山西省重点实验室,山西太原030031 [4]山西省农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所,山西太原030031 [5]山西临汾市浮山县农业农村和水利局,山西浮山042600

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第1期98-104,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山西省研究生教育创新项目(J202082030);山西农业大学科技创新基金(2016YJ06);山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D211003)

摘　　要：[目的]本文旨在探明白发病菌侵染谷子的最佳条件及筛选稳定的高引发白发病发生的接种技术。[方法]拟通过设置不同的温度、湿度条件,采用卵孢子拌种的方法,结合统计学分析,明确温度对卵孢子侵染的影响以及卵孢子侵染感病谷子品种最适温度和湿度条件。同时,采用卵孢子拌种,孢子囊悬浮液离体叶片接菌、喷雾接菌和幼苗浸根等4种不同的接种方法,拟摸索稳定高效的接菌技术。[结果]20℃处理的卵孢子对谷子的侵染最严重,病原菌侵染的最佳温度和湿度组合为:相对湿度为80%~100%,温度为23~25℃时,白发病的发生率最高。白发病菌最佳接菌条件为:卵孢子拌种发病率最高,发病率可达98.5%,其次为孢子囊悬浮液喷洒叶片接菌,发病率达到73%,可作为有效接菌手段。[结论]湿度为该病发生的必要条件,低温高湿的环境下发病率最高,卵孢子拌种为最稳定可靠的接菌方法。其研究结果可为谷子抗性鉴定及白发病菌致病分子机制研究提供一定理论基础。[Objective]The present study was aimed to identify the best conditions for the infection of foxtail millet by Sclerospora graminicola and to screen a stable inoculation technique with high incidence of foxtail millet downy mildew.[Methods]In this study,the effects of temperature on oospores infection and the optimal condition of the combination of temperature and humidity for oospores infection on susceptible millet varieties were determined under different temperature and humidity conditions using the method of seed dressing with oospores combined with statistical analysis.At the same time,four different inoculation methods,including oospore dressing,sporangia suspension inoculation of separated leaves,spray inoculation,and seedling root soaking,were used to explore stable and efficient inoculation techniques.[Results]The result showed that the oospores had the most serious infection ability on foxtail millet at 20℃;the favorite combined condition of temperature and relative humidity for the infection was temperature at 23-25℃and relative humidity between 80%-100%.Among four different inoculation methods,the incidence rate of oospore dressing was the highest with a morbidity of 98.5%,followed by sporangia suspension spraying leaf inoculation with an incidence rate of 73%.Both methods could be used as an effective means of inoculation.[Conclusion]Humidity is a necessary condition for the occurrence of downy mildew.The incidence rate was highest in a low temperature and high humidity environment,and oospores dressing was the most reliable method of inoculation.The results will provide a theoretical guide for the identification of foxtail millet resistance and the molecular mechanism of S.graminicola.

关 键 词：谷子白发病 卵孢子 侵染 孢子囊悬浮液 接种方法 

分 类 号：S519[农业科学—作物学]