气管支气管软化症合并肺部感染儿童的临床特征及电子支气管镜诊治意义  

Clinical features of children with tracheobronchomalacia complicated by pulmonary infectionsand the diagnostic significance of electronic bronchoscopy

作　　者：石颖玉 罗明鑫 陈天平 华山 SHI Yin-yu;LUO Ming-xin;CHEN Tian-ping;HUA Shan(Department of Respiratory,Anhui provincial children s hospital,Hefei,Anhui 230000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省儿童医院呼吸内科,安徽合肥230000

出　　处：《临床肺科杂志》2022年第3期385-389,共5页Journal of Clinical Pulmonary Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析气管支气管软化症合并肺部感染儿童的临床特征,探讨电子支气管镜在该类疾病中的诊断及治疗意义。方法收集2018年1月至2019年6月期间,入住我科的反复肺部感染或肺部感染治疗效果不佳的儿童124例,入院后通过电子支气管镜确诊儿童气管支气管软化症的患儿46例,分析其年龄、性别、临床症状、转归及电子支气管镜下的相关特点。结果收集的124例患儿中诊断气管支气管软化症共46例,其中气管支气管软化症患儿平均年龄明显小于非气管支气管软化症患儿,且年龄在1岁以内的比例最高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);气管支气管软化症患儿以男性为主,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);气管支气管软化症伴肺部感染患儿的临床症状以咳嗽、喘息为主,无特异性;气管支气管软化症患儿,镜下以轻、中度及一个部位软化为主,治疗后转归多良好。结论气管支气管软化症是低龄儿童反复肺部感染或肺部感染治疗效果不佳的重要因素之一,电子支气管镜检查及灌洗,对儿童气管支气管软化症的诊断、治疗及判断预后有重要意义。Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of children with tracheobronchomalacia complicated by pulmonary infections,and to explore the diagnosticand therapeutic significance value of electronic bronchoscopy in this disease.Methods 124 children with recurrent lung infections or poor treatment hospitalized in our department from January 2018 to June 2019 were collected.Among them,46 cases with tracheobronchomalacia were diagnosed by electronic bronchoscopy.The age,sex,clinical symptoms,outcome,and related characteristics under bronchoscopy were recorded.Results Of the 124 children collected,46 cases were diagnosed with tracheobronchomalacia.The average age of children with tracheobronchomalacia was younger than that of children with non-tracheobronchomalacia,and the proportion of children under 1-year-old was high,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);Children with tracheobronchomalacia are mainly boys,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);Children with tracheobronchomalacia are predominantly male,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The children with tracheabronchomalacia complicated by lung infection had no specific clinical symptoms,the main symptoms were cough and wheezing.Children with tracheobronchomalacia were mainly mild,moderate and one part softening under the microscope,and the outcome was usually good after treatment.Conclusion Tracheobronchomalaciais one of the important factors for recurrent pulmonary infections or poor treatment in young children.Electronic bronchoscopy and lavage are of great significance for the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of children with tracheobronchomalacia.

关 键 词：儿童 气管支气管软化症 肺部感染 电子支气管镜 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]