国内外住区空间环境对居民健康影响研究综述  

Research Review of Influences of Residential Space Environments on Residents'Health in China and Abroad

作　　者：王何王 张春阳[1] WANG Hewang;ZHANG Chunyang

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院,亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室

出　　处：《南方建筑》2022年第2期22-31,共10页South Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(51761135025):城市韧性演进——珠江三角洲区域管治、空间策略与景观格局研究;广东省软科学研究计划项目(2020B1010010002):可持续的智慧城市营建模式及关键技术趋势研究;国家自然科学基金面上项目(51778233):基于城市设计的珠江三角洲湾区城市适应性转型研究。

摘　　要：住区作为城市基本单元,良好的规划建设在改善人居环境和引导居民的健康生活习惯上具有基石作用,为深入解析住区外部空间环境对居民的健康影响,促进公众健康,追踪梳理了国内外相关主题文献,辨析了住区空间对居民健康影响的要素系统和影响路径,归纳了用地与设施、空间形态、交通与街道、绿色空间四类空间要素对居民健康的影响,发现相关健康影响并非仅是简单的正负线性相关,还存在显著的地域差异、多因素影响特征和阈值非线性相关性,进而探讨了相关研究的结论与方法在住区规划建设过程中的运用。The residential area is the basic urban unit.Scientific planning and construction are bases to improve human settlement and guide the healthy living habits of residents.This study systematically reviewed the influences of residential regions and their surrounding spaces on residents'health in China and abroad and provides references for health-oriented planning,construction,and optimization of residential areas.Two rounds of subject searching were done on the Chinese National Knowledge Internet(CNKI)and the Web of Science database spanning the last 10 years.Literature concerning the influences of residential space environments on residents'health was tracked and screened thoroughly.Next,the key literature was read deeply,and residential space environmental elements,health influence paths,and health influence evidence were reviewed systematically.Moreover,conclusions in China and foreign countries were compared,and relevant causes were analyzed.On that basis,influencing characteristics and models of space elements on health were summarized.Four space elements(including land use and facilities,space form,traffic and streets,and green space)and 12 subelements of the residential areas influenced residents'health significantly through two paths:promoting a positive life and reducing environmental risk.Specifically,land-use scale,housing mixing,and health-related service facility indices or layouts in residential areas played an important role in physical activities,social interaction,health guarantees,and air and noise pollution.The overall spatial form,local spatial form,and micro-spatial form indices or layouts in residential areas significantly affected mainly the wind-heat environment or microclimate,air quality,and physical activity level.They also influenced social interaction,cognition,and mental states to some extent.Road layouts,street connections,and other traffic environmental indices or layouts greatly affected physical activities,travel modes,road damage,air quality,and noise pollution.They were also rela

关 键 词：住区 空间环境 居民健康影响 规划设计 

分 类 号：TU-02[建筑科学—建筑理论]