铜陵杨山冲尾矿库土壤-植物系统重金属迁移过程及健康风险评估  

Migration process and health risk assessment of heavy metals in soil-plant system of Yangshanchong tailings reservoir in Tongling City

作　　者：陈淑英 熊鸿斌[1] 刘桂建[2] 王振祥[1] CHEN Shuying;XIONG Hongbin;LIU Guijian;WANG Zhenxiang(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China;School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽合肥230009 [2]中国科学技术大学地球与空间科学学院,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《合肥工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第2期282-288,共7页Journal of Hefei University of Technology：Natural Science

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(1708085QE110)。

摘　　要：为探究尾矿库重金属元素Cr、Ni、Cu、Mn、Cd在土壤-植物系统中的分布特征、迁移过程以及植物中重金属元素含量对居民的影响,文章以铜陵市杨山冲尾矿为研究对象,采用富集系数(bioconcentration factors,BCF)、转运系数(translocation factor,TF)及美国环境保护署环境健康风险评价模型等方法进行研究。结果表明:该研究区土壤Cu、Cd的平均质量比分别是铜陵市土壤背景值的1.40~1.85、2.91~4.54倍,是土壤环境质量标准农用地土壤风险筛选值的1.9~2.3、4.2~7.5倍;从土壤重金属纵向迁移变化来看,从表层至底层,Mn、Ni质量比呈降低—增加—降低的特点,Cr质量比呈增加—降低—增加—降低的特点,Cu、Cd质量比从表层至底层逐渐降低;植物中Cr质量比高于一般植物范围值,地上部分16%的BCF和33%的TF值高于1;摄入该地区植物对成人和儿童的危害指数(hazard index,HI)均大于10,Cd的危害商(hazard quotient,HQ)值最大。因此,该地区土壤以Cu、Cd污染为主,植物中Cr质量比超过一般值,且食用该区域植物对人体存在严重的慢性风险。In order to study the distribution characteristics,migration process of tailings reservoir heavy metal contents(Cr,Ni,Cu,Mn,Cd)in soil-plant system and the influence of plant heavy metal contents on residents,this paper adopted bioconcentration factor(BCF),translocation factor(TF)and environmental health risk assessment model of U.S.Environmental Protection Agency to study Yangshanchong tailings in Tongling City,Anhui Province.The results show that the average contents of Cu and Cd in the soil of the study area were 1.40-1.85 and 2.91-4.54 times of the background values of soil in Tongling City,respectively,which were 1.9-2.3 and 4.2-7.5 times of the soil risk screening values of agricultural land in the soil environmental quality standard.From the perspective of the vertical migration of heavy metals in the soil,the contents of Mn and Ni decreased,then increased,and finally decreased from the surface to the bottom,and the content of Cr increased,then decreased,and then increased,and finally decreased.The contents of Cu and Cd gradually decreased from the surface to the bottom.The Cr content in plants was higher than the general plant range value,and the BCF of 16%and TF of 33%at the surface were higher than 1.The hazard index(HI)of plants ingestion in this area for both adults and children was higher than 10,with the maximum value of Cd hazard quotient(HQ).It can be concluded that the soil in this area is mainly polluted by Cu and Cd,and the Cr content in the plants exceeds the general value.Moreover,there is a serious chronic risk to human body when eating the plants in this area.

关 键 词：杨山冲尾矿 重金属迁移 土壤-植物系统 环境健康风险评价 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]