页岩气井射孔过程模拟及射孔套管性能评价研究  

Perforation Process Simulation and Perforated Casing Performance Evaluation of Shale Gas Wells

作　　者：刘祥康 李仲 李玉飞 张林 陈艳 樊帅 杨尚谕 LIU Xiangkang;LI Zhong;LI Yufei;ZHANG Lin;CHEN Yan;FAN Shuai;YANG Shangyu(Engineering Technology Research Institute of Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company, PetroChina, Guanghan, Sichuan 618300, China;State Key Laboratory for Performance and Structure Safety of Petroleum Tubular Goods and Equipment Materials,CNPC Tubular Goods Research Institute,Xi′an,Shaanxi 710077,China)

机构地区：[1]中石油西南油气田分公司工程技术研究院,四川广汉618300 [2]中国石油集团工程材料研究院有限公司,石油管材及装备材料服役行为与结构安全国家重点实验室,陕西西安710077

出　　处：《石油管材与仪器》2022年第1期24-28,共5页Petroleum Tubular Goods & Instruments

摘　　要：射孔完井法是页岩油开采中主要的完井方式,套管射孔后会造成套管力学性能的变化,从而影响油气开采的产能。通过地面全尺寸射孔模拟试验,确定不同射孔工艺下孔径的变化规律,并通过材料试验,确定了孔口周围屈服强度变化规律,明确了高速粒子流穿孔过程组织形态形貌变化。基于此,建立了射孔套管剩余抗挤强度量化表征有限元模型,确定了不同射孔条件下射孔套管剩余抗挤强度理论预测模型;借助理论方法建立了射孔工艺参数和产能对应关系。研究表明:套管射孔形态呈椭圆形,由于高速粒子流穿过套管导致射孔周围金相组织发生变化从而引起套管的屈服强度、抗拉强度以及硬度均降低;剩余抗挤强度随着射孔孔密、相位角、孔径的增加而降低,但对于孔径的变化更为敏感;油气产能随着射孔穿深、孔密、孔径、相位角的增加而提高。研究结果可为提高产能、优化射孔工艺提供数据支持。Perforation completion method is the main completion method in shale oil exploitation.The mechanical properties of casing will be changed after casing perforation,which will affect the productivity of oil and gas exploitation.Relying on the ground full-scale perforation simulation test,the law of change has been determined about the uniform perforation and cluster perforation perforating parameters.Through material tests,the change rule of yield strength around the orifice is determined,and the change of structure morphology in the process of high-speed particle flow perforation is clarified.Based on above results,a finite element model for quantifying residual compressive strength of perforated casing is build and a theoretical model to prediction the residual extrusion strength of perforated casings of different specifications and sizes is established.Furthermore,the corresponding relationship between the perforating process parameters and the production capacity is established with the help of theoretical methods.The results show that the casing perforation shape is elliptical,and the metallographic structure around the perforation is changed due to the high-speed particle flow passing through the casing,which leads to the decrease of yield and tensile strength and hardness of the casing.The residual compressive strength decreases with the increase of perforation hole density,phase angle and aperture,but it is more sensitive to the change of aperture.Oil and gas productivity increases with the increase of perforation penetration,hole density,aperture and phase angle.The conclusion provides data support for improving productivity and optimizing perforation process.

关 键 词：射孔套管 有限元 射孔工艺参数 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]