不同再生水水质和追肥量对滴灌辣椒光合和产量的影响  

Effects of Different Reclaimed Water Quality and Fertilization Levels on Photosynthesis and Yield of Pepper Under Drip Irrigation

作　　者：董思琼 田军仓[1,2,3] 沈晖 闫新房[1,2,3] 陈海银 DONG Si-qiong;TIAN Jun-cang;SHEN Hui;YAN Xin-fang;CHEN Hai-yin(School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Engineering Technology Research Center of Water-Saving and Water Resource Regulation in Ningxia,Yinchuan 750021,China;Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Regions,Ministry of Education,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏节水灌溉与水资源调控工程技术研究中心,银川750021 [3]旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心,银川750021

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2022年第2期34-39,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFC0408104);宁夏高等学校一流学科建设项目(NXYLXK2017A03)。

摘　　要：为探究滴灌辣椒不同再生水比例和不同追肥量的最优组合。采用两因素三水平随机区组试验方法,研究不同灌溉水质(W3为再生水,W2为再生水:自来水=1∶1,W1为自来水)和不同追肥定额(F1为60 kg/(hm^(2)·次),F2为90 kg/(hm^(2)·次),F3为120 kg/(hm^(2)·次))对辣椒生长、光合作用和产量的影响。结果表明:在追肥量一定条件下,随着灌溉水中再生水比例的增大,辣椒株高、茎粗、光合指标(Pn、Gs、Ci、Tr及WUE)、产量、肥料偏生产力均值增大;在灌溉水质一定条件下,随着追肥量的增加,辣椒株高和茎粗均值增大,光合指标、产量均值先增加后减少,肥料偏生产力均值减少。低追肥量(F1)和中追肥量(F2)水平,再生水灌溉辣椒产量显著高于自来水灌溉。W3F2比对照W1F1处理辣椒株高、茎粗、产量、叶片瞬时净光合速率分别大29.73%、13.39%、36.18%、49.60%。主成分分析结果表明,W3F2处理综合得分最高。即在降雨量为174.30 mm、灌溉定额为2820 m³/hm^(2)(灌水次数为15次)条件下,当灌溉水质为再生水,追肥量为900 kg/hm^(2)(追肥次数为10次)时辣椒生长优良,净光合速率和产量最高。In order to explore the optimal combination of different reclaimed water ratios and different fertilization amounts,the two-factor three-level random segment test method was used to study the effects different irrigation water(W3 is reclaimed water,W2 is 1∶1 mixture of reclaimed water and tap water,W1 is tap water)and different fertilizer quota(F1 is 60 kg/hm^(2),F2 is 90 kg/hm^(2),F3 is 120 kg/hm^(2)) on the growth,photosynthesis and yield of pepper.The results showed that the mean values of plant height,stem diameter,photosynthetic indexes(Pn,Gs,Ci,Tr and WUE),yield and partial fertilizer productivity of pepper increased with the increase of reclaimed water proportion in irrigation water under certain fertilization amount.Under certain irrigation water quality conditions,the mean values of plant height and stem diameter of pepper increased with the increase of fertilization amount,while the mean values of photosynthetic indexes and yield increased first and then decreased,and the mean values of fertilizer partial productivity decreased with the increase of fertilization amount.The yield of pepper under reclaimed water irrigation was significantly higher than that under tap water irrigation at low(F1)and medium(F2)fertilization levels.The plant height,stem diameter,yield and instantaneous net photosynthetic rate of pepper of W3F2 treatment were 29.73%,13.39%,36.18%and 49.60%higher than those of W1F1 treatment,respectively.The principal component analysis showed that W3F2 treatment had the highest comprehensive score.In other words,under the conditions of 174.30 mm rainfall,2820 m^(3)/hm^(2) irrigation quota(15 times of irrigation),reclaimed water as irrigation water and 900 kg/hm^(2) fertilization(10 times of fertilization),the pepper grew well and had the highest net photosynthetic rate and yield.

关 键 词：再生水 膜下滴灌 辣椒 光合作用 节水灌溉 

分 类 号：S2[农业科学—农业工程]