基于TOPSIS方法的喀斯特断陷盆地区番茄地下灌溉技术节水效益综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Water-Saving Benefits of Subsurface Irrigation Technology for Tomato Planting in the Karst Faulted Basin Based on TOPSIS Method

作　　者：菅毅 周金星[1,2] 万龙 陈容[3] 张梅 刘发万 丁玉雄 JIAN Yi;ZHOU Jin-xing;WAN Long;CHEN Rong;ZHANG Mei;LIU Fa-wan;DING Yu-xiong(College of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Yunnan Jianshui Desert Ecosystem Research Station,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Wuhan Zondy Institute of Advanced Technology Co.,Ltd,Wuhan 430073,China;Jianshui Forestry and Grassland Technology Extention Station,Jianshui 654300,Yunnan Province,China;State-owned Forest Farm of Jianshui County,Jianshui 654300,Yunnan Province,China;Jiangsu Huizhi Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd,Nanjing 210036,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学云南建水荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站,北京100083 [3]武汉中地先进技术研究院有限公司,武汉430073 [4]建水县林业和草原科技推广总站,云南建水654300 [5]建水县国有林场,云南建水654300 [6]江苏汇智工程技术有限公司,南京210036

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2022年第2期89-94,100,共7页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：云南省重点研发计划课题(2019BC001-03);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502502);国家自然科学基金项目(31700640)。

摘　　要：喀斯特断陷盆地区季节性干旱严重,水资源匮乏,高效节水灌溉是解决该区域水资源不足的重要途径。采用膜下滴灌、渗灌、地下滴灌和分根区交替地下滴灌4种节水灌溉方式对该区域广泛种植的蔬菜番茄进行试验,设置不同的灌水下限处理(分别为田间持水量的55%~65%,65%~75%和75%~85%),利用TOPSIS法对番茄品质、产量和灌水利用效率进行综合效益评价。研究表明,4种节水灌溉方式中,交替地下滴灌的综合效益最好,地下滴灌次之,两种灌溉方式的番茄品质和水分利用效率均较高,其中分根区交替地下滴灌在灌水下限为田间持水量的65%~75%时的灌溉处理综合效益最好。而膜下滴灌在较高用水量情况下,产量虽然有所提升,但品质和灌溉水分利用效率低,综合效益最差。因此,在喀斯特断陷盆地干旱缺水区域,番茄灌溉采用分根区交替地下滴灌灌水方式,灌水下限控制在田间持水量的65%~75%,可取得节水和品质提升的综合效益。研究为喀斯特断陷盆地解决水资源利用问题提供科学支撑。The seasonal drought is serious and water resources are scarce in the karst faulted basin.Efficient water-saving irrigation is an important way to solve the shortage of water resources in the region.In this study,four water-saving irrigation modes,including drip irrigation under plastic film(DI),percolation irrigation(PI),subsurface drip irrigation(SDI)and alternate partial root-zone subsurface drip irrigation(PDSI)were used for tomato planting.The TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the comprehensive benefits of tomato quality,yield and irrigation use efficiency by setting different lower limits of irrigation(55%~65%,65%~75%and 75%~85%of field water capacity,respectively).The results showed that the comprehensive benefits of PDSI were the best,followed by SDI.Tomato quality and water use efficiency of these two irrigation modes were higher.The best comprehensive benefits were under the PDSI irrigation method when the lowest limiting of irrigation soil moisture was 65%~75%of field capacity.While for DI under the condition of higher water consumption,the yield was improved,but the quality and utilization efficiency of irrigation water were low,and the comprehensive benefit was the worst.It is suggested that PDSI and SDI should be used in the water-scarce area of karst faulted basin,and the lower limiting of soil moisture should be controlled at 65%~75%of the field capacity.The research provides scientific support for solving the problem of water resources utilization in karst faulted basin.

关 键 词：地下灌溉 分根区交替灌溉 效益评价 喀斯特断陷盆地 

分 类 号：S275.4[农业科学—农业水土工程]