科学与政策的复杂关系:臭氧治理和气候变化治理的政策比较  

A Complex Relationship Between Science and Policies:A Comparison of Policies Between Ozone Governance and Climate Change Governance

作　　者：申丹娜[1] 李立晨 SHEN Danna;LI Lichen(Development and Planning Center,China Meteorological Administration,Bejing,100081;Department of the History of Science,Tsinghua University,Beijing,100084)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局气象发展规划院,北京100081 [2]清华大学科学史系,北京100084

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2022年第2期17-22,共6页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

摘　　要：本文从科学与政策互动关系的角度,提出了国际环境事件的复杂性,并从臭氧治理和气候变化治理两个案例出发,分析影响其治理的政策因素。分析认为,确定或不确定的科学结论,国家利益以及替代技术是影响臭氧治理与气候变化治理的关键因素,也导致了两个看似相同的国际环境事件却最终取得了完全不同的政治效果。最终本文认为,政策议程总是在"基于知识"的认知共同体和"基于利益"辩护原则下交替出现,科学与政策的关系问题在实际事件中总是变化并可以协商的。Based on two cases of ozone governance and climate change governance,this paper compares the results of them,and further analyzes the policy factors affecting ozone governance and climate change governance.The analysis shows that the certainty of scientific conclusions,national interests and alternative technologies are the key factors affecting ozone governance and climate change governance.These factors also lead to completely different political effects in these two international environmental events,which are seemed identical.Finally,this paper argues that the epistemological approach based on knowledge will make people pay attention to environment problem,and the interactive approach based on national interests will influence knowledge generation and play a key role in the process of policy making.

关 键 词：臭氧治理 气候变化治理 科学 政策 互动关系 

分 类 号：P421.33[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P467