超稠油采出水回用锅炉结垢机理研究及优化  

Study and Optimization on Scaling Mechanism of Super Heavy Oil Produced Water Reuse Boiler

作　　者：杨长根 樊玉新 张锋 胡远远 YANG Changgen;FAN Yuxin;ZHANG Feng;HU Yuanyuan(Engineering Technology Research Institute of Xinjiang Oilfield Branch,CNPC)

机构地区：[1]中国石油新疆油田分公司工程技术研究院

出　　处：《油气田地面工程》2022年第2期37-41,共5页Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering

基　　金：新疆油田公司项目“新疆油田超稠油污水处理工艺适应性研究”(20180505030503)。

摘　　要：新疆油田某作业区超稠油采出水具有高温、高硅、高矿化度的特点,造成过热注汽锅炉结垢频繁。通过对锅炉炉管垢样进行检测分析,明确了Si和盐是造成锅炉结垢的主要因素,同时借助对锅炉炉管中盐垢宏观形貌、微观形貌、EDS及XPS分析,揭示了锅炉结垢机理;针对结垢机理进行研究,提出化学除硅和MVC除盐,并进行了现场验证。结果表明:高温、高压断键+缩聚反应是盐垢形成的主要机理,盐垢中主要物质分子式为Na_(2)Si_(2)O_(5);化学除硅可以将锅炉给水SiO_(2)质量浓度降至100 mg/L以下;MVC除盐实现产水矿化度≤50 mg/L,脱盐率≥98%。该研究对新疆油田过热注汽锅炉安全、经济、高效运行具有重要意义。The super-heavy oil produced water has the characteristics of high temperature,high silicon,and high salinity in an operation area of Xinjiang Oilfield,causing frequent scaling of the overheated steam injection boiler.Through the detection and analysis of boiler tube scale samples,it is clear that silicon and salt are the main factors causing boiler scaling.At the same time,with the help of the macro morphology,micro morphology,EDS and XPS analysis of the salt scaling in the boiler tube,the scaling mechanism of boiler is revealed.In addition,the scaling mechanism is studied,chemical desiliconization and MVC demineralization are proposed,and field tests are carried out.The results show that high temperature and high pressure bond breaking adding polycondensation reaction is the main mechanism of the salt scale formation.The main substance in the salt scale is Na_(2)Si_(2)O_(5).Chemical desiliconization can reduce the SiO_(2) content of boiler feed water to below 100 mg/L.MVC demineralization realizes the water salinity≤50 mg/L,demineralization rate≥98%.This research is of great significance to the safe,economical and efficient operation of superheated steam injection boilers in Xinjiang Oilfield.

关 键 词：超稠油采出水 过热注汽锅炉 结垢机理 化学除硅 MVC除盐 

分 类 号：TE934.5[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]