聚合物基复合材料表面防护涂层的研究现状与展望  

Research Status and Prospects of Surface Protective Coatings for Polymer Matrix Composites

作　　者：彭启清 刘明 黄艳斐 马国政 郭伟玲 王海斗 PENG Qi-qing;LIU Ming;HUANG Yan-fei;MA Guo-zheng;GUO Wei-ling;WANG Hai-dong(National Engineering Research Center for Remanufacturing,Army Academy of Armored Forces,Beijing 100072,China;National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing,Army Academy of Armored Forces,Beijing 100072,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军装甲兵学院机械产品再制造国家工程研究中心,北京100072 [2]陆军装甲兵学院装备再制造技术国防科技重点实验室,北京100072

出　　处：《表面技术》2022年第2期86-107,共22页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52075542,52075543);装备预研重点基金(61409230607)。

摘　　要：聚合物基复合材料相比金属等传统材料,其耐高温性能、抗固体颗粒冲蚀磨损性能等不足,导致聚合物基复合材料在高新技术领域、高温磨损等复杂工况中的应用受到严重制约。研究表明,在聚合物基复合材料表面制备功能性防护涂层,是一种有效提高或改变复合材料表面性能的途径。在介绍聚合物基复合材料基本性能特点的基础上,系统总结梳理了热喷涂、冷喷涂和溶胶-凝胶法,共3类5种国内外在聚合物基复合材料表面制备功能防护涂层的表面技术。梳理总结了不同表面技术沉积聚合物基复合材料表面3类主要的防护涂层(耐高温涂层、抗固体颗粒冲蚀磨损涂层、导电涂层)的侧重点,如电弧喷涂、冷喷涂主要在聚合物基复合材料表面沉积金属涂层。通过全面对比分析各种技术制备涂层的机理、性能、优缺点,以及涂层的失效原因,指出如何保持基体预处理过程中的表面完整性、如何提高涂层与基体的结合强度、如何有效沉积陶瓷涂层等,既是聚合物基复合材料表面防护涂层研究工作中的关键技术问题,同时也是后续研究中的重点工作。Compared with traditional materials such as metals,polymer-based composite materials'high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance to abrasive wear performance of solid particles are insufficient,leading to the application of polymer-based composite materials in complex working conditions such as high-tech fields,high-temperature wear and other serious constraints.It has shown that the preparation of functional protective coating on polymer-based composite surface is a way to improve or change the surface performance of composite materials.Based on the introduction of the basic properties of polymer-based composites,The system summarizes the hot spray,cold spray and solvent-gel method,Surtechnology of 3 types of functional protective coating at home and abroad on the surface of polymer based composites;Combing different surface technology deposition polymer matrix composites are summarized three kinds of main protective coating surface,namely,high temperature resistant coating,solid particle erosion wear resistance coatings,For example,arc spraying and cold spraying are mainly deposited on the surface of the polymer-based composite material with metal coating;By analyzing the mechanism,performance,advantages and disadvantages of various techniques,And the causes of failure of the coating,Point out how to maintain the surface integrity during the substrate pretreatment process,how to improve the binding strength of the coating and the substrate,how to effectively deposit the ceramic coating,etc.,It is a key technical problem in the polymer composite,It is also the key work in the follow-up research.

关 键 词：聚合物基复合材料 防护涂层 耐高温 抗冲蚀磨损 热喷涂 冷喷涂 溶胶-凝胶法 

分 类 号：TG174[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]