基于节点位置和剩余能量的分簇路由改进算法  

Improved Clustering Routing Algorithm Based on Node Location and Residual Energy

作　　者：陈曦 罗雪梅[1] 杨靖[1,2] CHEN Xi;LUO Xuemei;YANG Jing(The Electrical Engineering College,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of"Internet+"Collaborative Intelligent Manufacturing,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学电气工程学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州省“互联网+”协同智能制造重点实验室,贵阳550025

出　　处：《微处理机》2022年第1期13-17,共5页Microprocessors

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61861007;61640014);贵州省工业攻关项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2152);贵州省科技基金(黔科合基础[2020]1Y266);贵州省教育厅创新群体项目(黔教合KY字[2021]012);物联网理论与应用案例库(KCALK201708);贵州省农业攻关项目(黔科合支撑[2017]2520-1);学科ZDXK[2015]8。

摘　　要：针对传统LEACH协议存在的随机选举簇头及网内节点能耗不均等问题,提出了一种能量均衡高效的分簇路由协议LEACH-EPN。在成簇阶段加入最优簇数约束,综合考虑节点位置和剩余能量等多种因素;引入距离因子、能量因子及节点密度因子改进阈值公式;通过改变簇的范围来改变成簇机制,使簇头选举更合理、能耗分布更均匀,提高了网络的能量利用率;在入簇阶段引入节点偏好度概念,改进节点的入簇机制,减少数据传输过程的能量消耗。仿真实验结果表明,改进算法LEACH-EPN能够有效地均衡网络能耗、延长网络生存周期。To solve the problems of randomly selecting cluster heads and unequal energy consumption of nodes in the network in traditional LEACH protocol, a clustering routing protocol LEACH-EPN with energy balance and high efficiency is proposed. In the clustering stage, the optimal cluster number constraint is added, and various factors such as node position and residual energy are comprehensively considered. Distance factor, energy factor and node density factor are introduced to improve threshold formula;By changing the range of clusters to change the clustering mechanism, the cluster head election is more reasonable, the energy consumption distribution is more uniform, and the energy utilization efficiency of the network is improved. In the clustering stage, the concept of node preference is introduced to improve the clustering mechanism of nodes and reduce the energy consumption during data transmission.The simulation results show that the improved algorithm LEACH-EPN can effectively balance the network energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 分簇路由协议 能量因子 距离因子 节点密度 最优簇数 偏好度 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] TN915.04[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]