某市动物园散养禽类革兰阴性分离菌的耐药性及分子特征  

Drug Resistance and Molecular Characteristics of Gram-Negative Isolates from Free-range Poultry in a City Zoo

作　　者：李垠树 赵冰 贾雅婷 何坤 许慧 苑丽[1] Li Yin-shu;Zhao Bing;Jia Ya-ting;He Kun;Xu Hui;Yuan Li(College of Animal Medicine,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学动物医学学院,郑州450046

出　　处：《国外医药（抗生素分册）》2022年第1期42-46,共5页World Notes on Antibiotics

摘　　要：目的通过检测某市动物园禽类散养场中分离革兰阴性菌对常见抗菌药物的耐药特性,以了解动物园禽类散养场在人禽耐药菌传播过程中的作用,并为进一步防控耐药菌散播提供参考依据。方法将采集到的42份禽源样品进行常规细菌分离纯化,对革兰染色确定为阴性菌的受试菌采用16S rRNA进行细菌鉴定,微量肉汤稀释法进行药敏试验,PCR扩增和测序比对确定耐药基因。结果在42份禽源样品中分离获得72株革兰阴性菌,其中肠杆菌有68株,占94.4%。主要病原菌依次为大肠埃希菌(33/72,45.8%)、奇异变形杆菌(14/72,19.4%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(8/72,11.1%)。受试菌对阿莫西林、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、多西环素和恩诺沙星耐药严重,对头孢噻肟和氟苯尼考较耐药,对阿米卡星和黏菌素高度敏感。有8株大肠埃希菌、1株奇异变形杆菌和两株肺炎克雷伯菌检出bla_(CTX-M)基因,两株大肠埃希菌LYS3BA、LYS12A检出mcr-1,1株不动杆菌LYS68A和1株单胞菌LYS68C检出tet(X)。结论受检动物园禽类散养场中检出的革兰阴性菌耐药较为严重,可能在人禽耐药肠杆菌的传播过程中发挥重要的桥梁作用,应引起重视。Objective To understand the role of free-range poultry park in the spread of drug-resistant isolates,and to provide reference for further prevention and control of drug-resistant isolates spread,the drug resistance characteristics of Gram-negative isolates to familiar drugs were detected in a free-range poultry park from a city zoo.Methods The collected 42 poultry samples were isolated and purified by conventional methods.The isolates classified as negative by Gram staining were identified by 16S rRNA,antimicrobial susceptibility testing was determined using broth micro-dilution method and the resistant genes were determined by PCR amplification and sequenced.Results 72 Gram-negative isolates were obtained from 42 poultry samples,among which 68 strains of Enterobacter (94.4%) were isolated.The main pathogenic isolates were Escherichia coli (33/72,45.8%),Proteus mirabilis (14/72,19.4%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (8/72,11.1%).Most of the isolates were severely resistant to amoxicillin,ampicillin-sulbactam,doxycycline and enrofloxacin,followed by cefotaxime and florfenicol,which were highly sensitive to amikacin and colistin.Bla_(CTX-M) was detected from 8 isolated of Escherichia coli,1 isolate of Proteus mirabilis and 2 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae.Mcr-1 was detected from 2 isolates of Escherichia coli (LYS3BA and LYS12A).Tet(X) was detected from an isolate of Acinetobacter indicus (LYS68A) and an isolate of Sphingomonas paucimobilis (LYS68C).Conclusion The Gram-negative isolates from free-range poultry in this city zoo had serious drug resistance,which may play an important role in the transmission of drug-resistant intestinal isolates in humans and poultry,and should be paid attention.

关 键 词：动物园 禽类散养场 大肠埃希菌 奇异变形杆菌 肺炎克雷伯菌 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品]