新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下发热门诊医务人员心理健康状况和知信行调查与防控研究  

Study on the Mental Health Status and Knowledge,Attitude and Practice to COVID-19 among Medical Staff in Fever Clinic during the Epidemic Period

作　　者：王立先 濮家源[1] 王斌 白雪[1] 孙有惠 雷泽林[1] WANG Lixian;PU Jiayuan;WANG Bin;BAI Xue;SUN Youhui;LEI Zelin(The First Hospital of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学第一医院,甘肃兰州710000

出　　处：《中国社会医学杂志》2022年第1期29-33,共5页Chinese Journal of Social Medicine

基　　金：甘肃省科研攻关特别专项(20YF2FA015)。

摘　　要：目的了解发热门诊医务人员的心理健康状况及工作过程中的薄弱环节,以完善发热门诊流程,帮助发热门诊医务人员做好个人防护,降低院内感染发生的风险。方法以甘肃省收治确诊新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的定点医院发热门诊医务人员为调查对象,于2020年2月23日-3月21日,采用手机问卷星的方式调查267名发热门诊医务人员,了解其在进入发热门诊前、发热门诊工作期间、离开发热门诊进入医学隔离观察期三个阶段中,心理健康状况的变化情况和对新冠肺炎相关知识知信行的了解情况。运用焦虑自评量表测量发热门诊医务人员各个阶段的焦虑程度;通过秩和检验、卡方检验、单因素重复测量方差分析计算各个阶段的知信行情况。结果发热门诊医务人员在三个阶段的心理健康状况、对新冠肺炎相关知识的知晓率、态度和信念及相关行为方面差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。发热门诊医务人员的焦虑状况在后两个阶段较进入发热门诊前有所缓解,并逐步下降;进入发热门诊前的医务人员总体知晓率较低,之后随着工作的深入,知晓率提升;进入发热门诊前的医务人员对新冠肺炎相关知识的态度和信念认知不足;随着在发热门诊工作的深入,医务人员采取的相关行为越来越全面。结论进入发热门诊前是医务人员心理健康状况容易出现问题的薄弱环节,在这一阶段,医务人员对新冠肺炎的知晓率较低,对其态度、信念及行为的认知不足。建议从医院层面成立疫情期间心理干预和疏导工作小组,培训时让医务人员在了解理论知识的前提下,参与到模拟实际的发热门诊工作中去,最终缓解医务人员的焦虑情绪和提高医务人员对新冠相关知识的知晓率,促使医务人员采取更加全面的个人防护措施,最大限度地降低发热门诊医务人员感染新冠病毒的风险。Objective To understand the mental health status and the weak links in the work process of the medical staff of the fever outpatient department,optimize the work process,and help fever clinic medical staff to do a good job of personal protection,then reduce the risk of nosocomial infection.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among the medical staff of the fever clinic of a designated hospital for patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Gansu Province to investigate the changes of mental health status and the knowledge,attitude and practice of new coronary pneumonia among the medical staff in fever clinic before entering fever clinic,during working in fever cli-nic,and after leaving fever clinic for medical isolation observation.Self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)was used to measure the anxiety level of medical staff in fever clinic and analyzed by rank sum test,Chi-square test and one-way repeated measures analysis of variance.Results There were significant differences in mental health status,knowledge of COVID-19,attitude,belief and related behavior among the medical staff in fever clinic in three stages(P<0.05).The anxiety of the medical staff in fever clinic was alleviated in the last two stages,and the awareness rate of the medical staff before fever clinic was lower than that before fever clinic before entering fever clinic,the attitude and belief of the medical staff on the knowledge of NCP were not strong enough.With the development of the work in fever cli-nic,the related behaviors of the medical staff were more and more comprehensive.Conclusion Medical staff are most likely to have mental health problems at the stage before entering the fever clinic.At this stage,the awareness rate of NCP is low,the attitude and belief are not strong enough,and the knowledge of NCP related behaviors is not enough.A working group on psychological intervention and counselling during the epidemic should be set up at the hospital level,hotlines for psychological assistance in various forms such as telephone,Wechat and QQ sho

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 发热门诊 心理健康状况 焦虑 知信行 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R395.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]