煤矸石对褶纹冠蚌斧足和外套膜重金属含量及组织结构的影响  

Effects of coal gangue on heavy metal content and tissue structure of foot and mantellum of Cristaria plicata

作　　者：周瑶 刘丽丹 孙庆业[1] ZHOU Yao;LIU Li-dan;SUN Qing-ye(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,合肥230601

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第1期250-256,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安徽省重点研发与开发计划项目(201904a07020071)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究煤矸石对褶纹冠蚌斧足和外套膜重金属含量及组织结构的影响。【方法】设置不同煤矸石/水比率的养殖池培养褶纹冠蚌,1年后,采用ICP-MS和组织学石蜡切片技术,测定不同处理褶纹冠蚌体内斧足和外套膜组织重金属含量并观察各组织切片变化情况。【结果】①煤矸石中的微量元素未对养殖池内的沉积物造成明显污染,沉积物中Cu、Zn、As、Pb和Cd含量分别为21.12~22.35、90.70~109.27、28.54~36.24、21.30~23.53和0.11~0.13 mg/kg;②外套膜对微量元素的富集能力大于斧足;斧足和外套膜中Cu、Zn、As、Pb的质量分数随煤矸石/水比率的增加而显著增加(P<0.05);5种微量元素在2种组织中的质量分数从大到小的顺序均依次为Zn>As>Cu>Pb>Cd;③煤矸石对褶纹冠蚌的斧足和外套膜组织均产生影响,斧足组织中,表皮褶皱变得无规则,表皮下细胞核染色变浅,肌纤维断裂明显,肌束间间距增大;外套膜组织中,上皮褶皱趋于平直,内表皮细胞核排列不规则且染色变浅,肌纤维排列混乱且有断裂现象,组织间空泡减少;随煤矸石/水比率增大,褶纹冠蚌的斧足和外套膜组织织的病变程度加深。【结论】煤矸石/水比率的变化会对褶纹冠蚌斧足和外套膜中重金属含量以及组织结构产生影响。【Objective】The study aimed to analyze the effectsofcoal gangue on heavy metal content and tissue structure of foot and mantellum of Cristaria plicata.【Method】After one year, ICP-MS and histological paraffin sectioning techniques were used to determine the changes of heavy metal content in tissue structure of foot and mantellum and the organizational structure changes of Cristaria plicata in in different groups.【Result】The results showed that the content of Cu, Zn and As in the sediments were enriched.The content of axopods and mantle tissues was cost>axopods, and the average content in these two tissues was Zn>As>Cu>Pb>Cd;The release of heavy metals from coal gangue had different effects on the axfoot and mantle tissue of mussels and was positively correlated with the amount of coal grinding added;The contents of Pb and Cd in the tissue all meet the defined standards of national food safety standards, while the contents of inorganic As exceeds the defined standards, and there are safety risks caused by accumulation.【Conclusion】The change of coal gangue/water ratio will affect the contents of trace elements and tissue structure in hat chet foot and mantle.

关 键 词：褶纹冠蚌 煤矸石 组织 重金属 

分 类 号：S966.222[农业科学—水产养殖]