不结球白菜表皮蜡质高温胁迫生理响应  

Physiological Response of Epidermal Wax in Non-heading Chinese Cabbage under High Temperature Stress

作　　者：火兆燕 曹萍 马馨馨 王树彬[1] 厉书豪 邵贵荣 钟凤林[1] HUO Zhaoyan;CAO Ping;MA Xinxin;WANG Shubin;LI Shuhao;SHAO Guirong;ZHONG Fenglin(College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350000, China;2Fujian Jinpin Agricultural Science and Technology Company, Fuzhou 350000, China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学园艺学院,福州350000 [2]福建金品农业科技股份有限公司,福州350000

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2022年第1期89-97,共9页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家青梗菜良种重大科研联合攻关项目(111821301354052283);特色绿叶蔬菜品种选育与推广[闽财指(2020)619号];福建省现代蔬菜产业技术体系岗位专家[闽财指(2019)897号];福建省农作物品种试验鉴定示范项目[闽财指(2021)398号]。

摘　　要：为了明晰高温胁迫下表皮蜡质在不结球白菜生理响应中的保护作用,该研究以不结球白菜有蜡(Q28)和无蜡(Q1202)品种为试验材料,设置高温胁迫组(昼/夜温度为37℃/30℃)和对照组(昼/夜温度为25℃/18℃)处理,观察不同材料叶片表皮细胞形态,比较分析高温胁迫处理下不同时期生理和光合指标变化的差异。结果表明:(1)高温胁迫对两种不结球白菜幼苗的生物量均产生不同程度的抑制,且有蜡材料的下降幅度较无蜡材料小;高温胁迫后叶片表皮细胞形态差异较大,且有蜡材料叶片表皮细胞皱缩程度显著小于无蜡材料。(2)高温胁迫9 d时,有蜡材料叶片的脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量显著高于无蜡材料。(3)高温胁迫后,两种材料叶片抗氧化酶活性均呈先升高后下降的动态变化,且有蜡材料的活性均大于无蜡材料;两种材料的叶片丙二醛含量和相对电导率呈上升趋势,且有蜡材料的上升幅度均较小。(4)两种材料叶片叶绿素含量均呈下降趋势,但仍以有蜡材料较高;与无蜡材料相比,有蜡材料叶片的蒸腾速率较小,净光合速率较高。研究发现,在高温胁迫条件下,叶面蜡质会提高叶片渗透调节能力,保护叶片表皮细胞正常形态,增强植株抗氧化能力,减少蒸腾速率,提高光合速率,有效缓解不结球白菜受到的高温伤害,使有蜡材料的高温耐受能力强于无蜡材料。该研究结果为不结球白菜耐热品种选育及进一步分析蜡质响应高温胁迫的分子机制提供了理论依据。In order to clarify the protective effect of epidermal wax in the physiological response to non-heading Chinese cabbage under high temperature stress,we used waxy(Q28)and waxless(Q1202)varieties of non-heading Chinese cabbage as experimental materials under high temperature stress in this study.The experiment set the high temperature stress group(day/night temperature of 37℃/30℃)and control group(day/night temperature of 25℃/18℃)to observe the morphology of leaf epidermal cells of different materials.Measure and compare the differences in physiological and photosynthetic index changes in different periods of high temperature stress.The results showed that:(1)the biomass of the two non-heading Chinese cabbage seedlings was inhibited from varying degrees under high temperature stress,and the decline in the waxy material was smaller;the leaf epidermal cell morphology also had a big difference.The shrinkage of epidermal cells of the material leaves was significantly lower than that of the wax-free material.(2)The contents of proline,soluble sugar and soluble protein in the waxed material leaf was significantly higher than that of the wax-free material at 9 days of high temperature stress.(3)The antioxidant enzyme activities of the two materials showed a dynamic change that first increased and then decreased,and the activities of the waxy material were greater;the malondialdehyde content and relative conductivity of the two materials showed an upward trend,and the waxy material increasedless.(4)The chlorophyll content of the leaves of the two materials showed a downward trend,but the waxy material was still higher;compared with the wax-free material,the waxy material leaves had a lower transpiration rate and a higher net photosynthetic rate.Studies have revealed that under high temperature stress,leaf wax can improve leaf osmotic adjustment ability,protect the normal morphology of leaf epidermal cells,and enhance plant antioxidant capacity.

关 键 词：不结球白菜 蜡质 高温胁迫 光合作用 渗透调节 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]