从《大学衍义补》看元明中国东南的漕运与造船  

Water Transport of Grain and Shipbuilding in Southeast China during the Yuan and Ming Dynasties Based on Supplementary Meaning of The Great Learning

作　　者：郑力乔 杨景霞 刘文霞 ZHENG Liqiao;YANG Jingxia;LIU Wenxia(School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Hainan Tropical Ocean University,Sanya Hainan 572022,China)

机构地区：[1]海南热带海洋学院人文社会科学学院,海南三亚572022

出　　处：《海南热带海洋学院学报》2022年第1期111-117,共7页Journal of Hainan Tropical Ocean University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA189);海南省哲学社会科学规划课题[HNSK(YB)21-42]。

摘　　要：丘濬以其"察其几微以成天下之务"的敏锐眼光及丰富的地理知识,总结了中国东南漕运从春秋至明代前期对国计民生所发挥的巨大作用,其贡献在于从历史演变和数字统计的角度分析了元朝到明代中期漕运的利弊,对元朝到明中期东南海上航道进行了历史考察,揭示其在地理交通上所显示的重要经济价值。基于不同的发展阶段系统阐明了东南之漕的历史局限以及开通东南海运的迫切性和可行性,从海舟样式、港湾海道勘探、船厂选址、公私合营造船等方面提出具体建议,主张扩大国内商品流通和开发海上航线以促进商贸。With the keen insight of “observing the tiny fraction to complete the task of the world” and rich geographical knowledge, Qiu Jun summarized the great role that water transport of grain in southeast China played in national economy and people’s livelihood from the Spring and Autumn period to the early Ming Dynasty.From the perspective of historical evolution and statistics, he analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of water transport of grain from Yuan Dynasty to the middle period of Ming Dynasty, made a historical investigation of the southeast sea route during that period, and revealed its important economic value in geographical transportation.Based on the different stages of development, he systematically expounded the historical limitations of the “ water transport of grain in southeast”,the urgency and feasibility of opening the southeast sea transport.Qiu Jun put forward specific proposals in terms of the sea-boat model, harbor and seaway exploration, shipyard site selection, and public-private joint shipbuilding.He advocated expanding domestic commodity circulation and developing maritime routes to promote trade and commerce.

关 键 词：丘濬 《大学衍义补》 中国东南 漕运 造船 太仓古船 

分 类 号：K92[历史地理—人文地理学] U6[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]