宜春北部一次冰雹过程雷达回波特征分析  

Analysis of Radar Echo Characteristics of a Hail Process in Northern Yichun

作　　者：宋雄 马中元[1] 王璇[3] 洪丽霞 辛玮琪[2] 范小军 SONG Xiong;MA Zhongyuan;WANG Xuan;HONG Lixia;XIN Weiqi;FAN Xiaojun(Jiangxi Institute of Meteorological Sciences,330046,Nanchang,PRC;Meteorological Bureau of Yifeng County,336300,Yifeng,Jiangxi,PRC;Shangrao Meteorological Bureau,334000,Shangrao,Jiangxi,PRC)

机构地区：[1]江西省气象科学研究所,南昌330046 [2]宜丰县气象局,江西宜丰336300 [3]上饶市气象局,江西上饶334000

出　　处：《江西科学》2022年第1期71-75,147,共6页Jiangxi Science

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类-XDA19040202);国家自然科学基金项目(41975001);中国气象局气象关键技术集成与应用项目(CMAGJ2013M74);中国气象科学研究院开放课题(2012LASWB01);南京雷达气象与强天气开放基金(BJG201205)。

摘　　要：为提高县级台站对冰雹天气的识别和预警能力,使用常规天气图和宜春SA雷达数据等资料,采用天气学、雷达气象学方法,对2021年3月30—31日江西宜春北部罕见大冰雹天气过程进行分析,结果表明:1)西南急流、地面倒槽、切变线、暖脊、“上干下湿”不稳定层结是主要影响天气系统,属于典型暖区强对流天气形势;)在雷达拼图上,30日冰雹是超级单体,呈孤立椭圆状;31日冰雹是回波带上的超级单体,呈带上强单体形态;3)在雷达PPI产品上:超级单体风暴组合反射率CR达65 dBZ,回波顶高ET达17 km,垂直积分液态水含量VIL为55~60 kg/m^(2),能够识别出中气旋M和龙卷涡旋结构TVS;4)在反射率因子垂直剖面RCS上:30日孤立超级单体存在明显的有界弱回波区(BWER)、回波悬垂和中气旋特征;31日回波带上超级单体存在明显的悬挂结构回波和虚假旁瓣回波顶;5)在径向速度垂直剖面VCS上:超级单体存有中气旋结构和上正下负速度层。研究结果为江西宜春北部冰雹天气的预警预报提供了理论依据。In order to improve the recognition and early warning ability of county-level stations for hail weather,using conventional weather map and Yichun SA radar data,and using synoptic and radar meteorology methods,the weather process of rare large hail in the north of Yichun,Jiangxi Province from March 30 to 31,2021 is analyzed.The results show that:1)southwest jet,ground inverted trough,shear line,warm ridge,"upper dry and lower wet"Unstable stratification is the main weather system,which belongs to the typical strong convective weather situation in the warm region.2)On the radar puzzle,the hail on the 30th is a super monomer,in an isolated oval shape;The hail on the 31st is a super monomer in the echo band,in the form of strong monomer in the band.3)On radar PPI products:the supercell storm combination reflectivity Cr is 65 dBZ,the echo top et is 17 km,and the vertical integrated liquid water content VIL is 55~60 kg/m^(2),which can identify the mesocyclone m and tornado vortex structure TVS.4)On the RCS of reflectance factor vertical profile,there are obvious characteristics of bounded weak echo region(bwer),echo suspension and mesocyclone in the 30 day isolated supercell;There are obvious suspended structure echo and false sidelobe echo tops in the super monomer on the 31st echo band.5)On the radial velocity vertical profile VCS,there are mesocyclone structure and upper positive and lower negative velocity layers in the supercell.The results provide a theoretical basis for the early warning and prediction of hail weather in the north of Yichun,Jiangxi Province.

关 键 词：冰雹 超级单体 带上超级单体 回波特征 

分 类 号：P458.121.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]