基于碳纳米管薄膜的复合材料在线损伤监测  

On-line damage monitoring of composites based on carbon nanotube films

作　　者：曲抒旋 巩文斌[2] 孙小珠 张东兴[1] 梁志强[4] 高丽敏 吕卫帮 QU Shuxuan;GONG Wenbin;SUN Xiaozhu;ZHANG Dongxing;LIANG Zhiqiang;GAO Limin;LYU Weibang(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;Innovation Center for Advanced Nanocomposites,Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Suzhou 215123,China;General Research Office of Space Science and Machinery,Shanghai Institute of Aerospace Systems Engineering,Shanghai 201108,China;Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials,Soochow University,Suzhou 215123,China;Department of Structural Integrity,COMAC Beijing Aeronautical Science&Technology,Beijing 102211,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院,哈尔滨150001 [2]中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所先进纳米复合材料创新中心,苏州215123 [3]上海宇航系统工程研究所空间科学机械总体研究室,上海201108 [4]苏州大学功能纳米与软物质研究院,苏州215123 [5]中国商飞北京民用飞机技术研究中心结构完整性部,北京102211

出　　处：《航空学报》2022年第1期578-590,共13页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51503225)。

摘　　要：考虑到纤维增强树脂基复合材料会在服役过程中因受冲击、压缩以及疲劳等因素的作用而发生损伤,基于碳纳米管薄膜优异的力电响应特性开发了一种具有在线损伤监测能力的自感知复合材料。碳纳米管可在薄膜中形成导电网络,复合材料损伤会破坏导电通路,使碳纳米管薄膜的电阻大幅度增加。通过测量自感知复合材料的边界电压并利用电阻层析成像法对碳纳米管薄膜内电导率的分布变化进行求解/成像,实现了复合材料的在线损伤监测。分别对贯穿孔损伤和I型层间断裂损伤模式进行了研究,结果表明所制备的自感知复合材料对这两种损伤模式均可实现损伤定位及图像化显示,对于贯穿孔型损伤模式可实现对面积占比0.038%的损伤进行在线监测,定位精度可达毫米级。Considering that fiber-reinforced polymeric composites would be damaged due to impact,compression,fatigue and other factors during service,a composite with on-line damage self-sensing capabilities was developed based on carbon nanotube films,which possess desirable mechanical and electrical properties.Using the conductive network formed by carbon nanotubes,the damage of composites will destroy the conductive path and greatly increase the resistance of carbon nanotube films.The on-line self-sensing of composite damages was realized by measuring the boundary voltage of the composite,and then solving/imaging the conductivity distribution within the composite through the Electrical Resistance Tomography.Both damages of through-hole and model-I interlaminar fracture were investigated,and the results show that for these two damage modes,the obtained composite can realize on-line damage localization as well as damage display through EIT image reconstruction.For the through hole damage mode,the damage with an area accounting for 0.038%can be monitored online.In addition,the accuracy of through-hole localization can reach millimeter level.

关 键 词：碳纳米管 复合材料 结构健康监测 电学层析成像 在线监测 

分 类 号：V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]