电弧炉炼钢多氯萘的排放及影响因素  

Emissions of polychlorinated naphthalenes during electric arc furnace steelmaking and their influencing factors

作　　者：杨莉莉 申佳 刘国瑞[1,2,4] 赵晓光 郑明辉[1,2,4] Lili Yang;Jia Shen;Guorui Liu;Xiaoguang Zhao;Minghui Zheng(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;College of Resource and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;College of Geology and Environment,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;School of Environment,Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hangzhou 310007,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100190 [3]西安科技大学地质与环境学院,西安710054 [4]国科大杭州高等研究院环境学院,杭州310007

出　　处：《科学通报》2022年第3期278-287,共10页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21936007,91543108,21906165);中国科学院创新交叉团队项目资助。

摘　　要：多氯萘(PCNs)是新持久性有机污染物(POPs),于2015年被列入《斯德哥尔摩公约》.电弧炉炼钢是PCNs的排放源之一,然而目前对电弧炉炼钢厂PCNs排放的研究相对较少,且当前关于电弧炉炼钢中PCNs等POPs的研究也主要集中于冶炼过程,而忽略了原料预热过程中PCNs的排放.电弧炉炼钢行业近年来使用高温废气在废钢入炉前对其进行预热,以减少入炉后的升温时间,从而降低能耗.然而预热阶段的温度、原料、气氛等条件适宜PCNs等POPs的生成,因此废钢预热阶段可能是电弧炉炼钢过程中POPs排放控制的重要工艺段.随着我国废钢产量的增加,电弧炉炼钢的市场份额将逐步增加,深入认识电弧炉炼钢过程中PCNs等POPs的排放水平、影响因素,控制电弧炉炼钢过程中PCNs等的生成和排放是我国履行国际公约、降低POPs健康风险有待解决的问题.本研究针对我国典型电弧炉炼钢厂预热阶段展开研究,阐明了电弧炉炼钢厂预热阶段排放的烟道气中PCNs这类新POPs的排放水平和特征,提出电弧炉原料预热过程是PCNs的重要排放源,发现原料净化对预热过程生成PCNs影响显著.为电弧炉炼钢过程POPs的管控提供理论依据,为实现电弧炉炼钢行业绿色可持续发展提供重要信息.Polychlorinated naphthalenes(PCNs)are emerging persistent organic pollutants(POPs)listed in the Stockholm Convention in 2015.PCNs were commercially produced and widely applied in transformers,capacitor oil and cable insulator in the early 20 th century.PCNs are of persistency and can be globally transported.The widespread PCNs were reported to have hepatotoxicity and immunotoxicity,which were comparable to the toxicity of the notorious dioxins because of their similar structure.Currently,the toxicity of PCN congeners was characterized as the relative potency factors compared to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dioxins.The commercial PCN production was inhibited since the 1980 s because of its toxicity.PCNs dominantly acted as byproducts during thermal-related industrial processes,including the chemical production,waste incineration processes and metal smelting processes,and then be unintentionally emitted into the environment.The electric arc furnace steelmaking plants were one of the important sources,which were rarely researched currently on their POP emission.Current-limited data showed that the PCN concentrations from the smelting process of electric arc furnace were relatively lower than that from the secondary zinc smelting process,comparative to that from the secondary copper smelting process,and much higher than that from iron ore sintering,converter smelting and coking process.However,current data on POPs emission from the electric arc furnace steelmaking plants were dominantly focused on the smelting process,ignoring that from the preheating processes.Preheating of the steel scraps has been conducted currently using the furnace off-gas,to reduce the heating time of the scraps during the smelting processes,and therefore can reduce the energy consumption.The preheating temperature of the steel scraps was about 600°C,which was suitable for the formation of POPs.In addition,the raw material of electric arc furnace steelmaking process can provide sufficient chlorines and precursors for POP formation,as the dominant

关 键 词：多氯萘 电弧炉炼钢 预热阶段 非故意排放 持久性有机污染物控制 

分 类 号：X757[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TF741.5[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]