Al/CuO纳米铝热剂加速老化性能研究  

Study on Accelerated Aging Performance of Al/CuO Nanothermite

作　　者：张添畅 王倩[1] 沈云[1,2] 王悦听 李福伟 张泽华 程健 欧阳可儿[1,2] 沈瑞琪 叶迎华 ZHANG Tian-chang;WANG Qian;SHEN Yun;WANG Yue-ting;LI Fu-wei;ZHANG Ze-hua;CHENG Jian;OU YANG Ke-er;SHEN Rui-qi;YE Ying-hua(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science&Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Micro-Nano Energetic Devices Key Laboratory of MIIT,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化学与化工学院,南京210094 [2]微纳含能器件工信部重点实验室,南京210094

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2022年第2期33-38,共6页Equipment Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：目的研究nAl/CuO的组分配比和贮存时间对Al/Cu O纳米铝热剂性能的影响规律。方法采用常用的机械混合方法,制备当量比(Φ)分别为1.0、1.4、1.8的n Al/CuO纳米铝热剂,参考GJB 736.8—90《火工品试验方法71℃试验法》,在温度为71℃和相对湿度为40%的环境条件下,开展nAl/CuO纳米铝热剂加速老化试验。采用XRD、SEM、燃烧速度测试、点火温度测试和密闭爆发器实验等表征和实验手段,对老化前后不同当量比的nAl/CuO药剂进行分析。结果老化后,复合体系形貌发生明显变化,但是组分未发生明显变化。当量比为1.0、1.4的n Al/CuO复合体系老化7 d后,无法可靠传火;当量比为1.0、1.4、1.8的nAl/CuO复合体系,点火温度分别下降26.6%、22.6%、19.2%,燃气的峰值压力分别下降74.6%、80.8%、62.7%,升压速率也有明显下降。结论加速老化会明显改变Al/CuO纳米铝热剂的性能,适度提高当量比或Cu O的含量,有利于增加Al/CuO纳米铝热剂的贮存稳定性,并且随着贮存时间的增加,性能最终趋于稳定。To investigate the effect of composition ratio and storage time on the performance of nAl/CuO nano-thermite,Al/CuO nanothermite with equivalent ratio of 1.0, 1.4, 1.8 was prepared by mechanical mixing method. By referring to the 71 ℃ test method of GJB736.8—90 explosive device, accelerated aging test of Al/CuO nanothermite was carried out under the environmental conditions of 71 ℃ and 40% relative humidity. XRD, SEM, burning rate test, ignition temperature test, pressurization and combustion performance were characterized before and after accelerated aging. The results showed that the aging process led to a clear change of the morphology of the composites, but the composition did not change significantly. The flame propagation of composites with equivalent of 1.0, 1.4 could not stabilize after aging for 7 days. The ignition temperature of equivalent of 1.0, 1.4 and 1.8 decreased by 26.6%, 22.6% and 19.2% respectively, and the peak pressure decreased by 74.6%,80.8% and 62.7%, respectively. Accelerated aging could obviously change the properties of Al/CuO nanothermite. The appropriate increase of equivalent ratio is beneficial to increase the storage stability of Al/CuO nanothermite. With the increase of storage time, the performance finally tends to be stable.

关 键 词：Al/CuO纳米铝热剂 加速老化 贮存性能 71℃试验法 

分 类 号：TJ450[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]