某三基发射药老化性能退化规律及失效模式探究  

Study on Aging Performance Degradation Law and Failure Mode of a Triple-Base Propellant

作　　者：宋力骞 钱华[1,2] 刘大斌 李洋[1] 杜其轩[1] SONG Li-qian;QIAN Hua;LIU Da-bin;LI Yang;DU Qi-xuan(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science&Technology,Nanjing 210000,China;China National Quality Supervision Testing Center for Industrial Explosive Materials,Nanjing 210000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化学与化工学院,南京210000 [2]国家民用爆破器材质量检验检测中心,南京210000

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2022年第2期59-65,共7页Equipment Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：目的获得某三基发射药老化后性能的退化规律,确定其失效模式,预估贮存及使用寿命。方法根据某三基发射药实际使用环境及方式,采用温度-湿度双应力加速老化试验,模拟装药条件,获得老化样品。以安定剂含量、抗压强度、燃烧性能和机械感度为监测指标,对老化后样品进行测试,探究其性能变化规律,明确失效模式。通过Berthelot方程,建立典型失效模式下的寿命预估方程。结果通过测试获得了某三基发射药性能退化数据。其中,机械感度无明显变化;燃烧热随老化时间的延长略有下降;安定剂相对含量、最大抗压强度随老化时间的延长出现了较大衰减。通过对数据的拟合与计算,得到了不同失效模式下的寿命预估方程。结论预估某三基发射药寿命时,不能片面考虑单一指标,需要综合考虑其应用平台、评估判据,合理选择失效模式,预估其安全寿命,以免造成弹药过早销毁带来的经济损失和推迟更换导致的严重后果。This paper aims to obtain the performance degradation law of a triple-base propellant, determine its failure mode and estimate its storage and service life. According to the actual service environment and mode of triple-base propellant, the aging samples were obtained by Temperature-Humidity double stress accelerated aging test. Taking stabilizer content, compressive strength, combustion performance and mechanical sensitivity as monitoring indicators, the aged samples were tested to explore the change law of their performance and clarify the failure mode. Through Berthelot equation, the life prediction equation under typical failure mode was established. The degradation data of triple-base propellant were obtained by the test. Among them, the mechanical sensitivity had no obvious change. The heat of combustion decreased slightly with the prolongation of aging time,but remained at a high level. The relative content of stabilizer and maximum compressive strength decreased greatly with the extension of aging time. Through fitting and calculation of the data, the life prediction equations at 25 ℃ were obtained respectively. When evaluating the service life of triple-base propellant, a single index can not be considered unilaterally. Its application platform and evaluation criteria should be comprehensively considered. Meanwhile, the failure mode should be selected reasonably and the safe service life is assessed accurately, so as to avoid economic losses caused by premature destruction of ammunition and serious consequences caused by delayed replacement.

关 键 词：发射药 加速老化试验 退化规律 失效模式 Berthelot方程 寿命评估 

分 类 号：TJ450[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]