3,4-二硝基呋咱基氧化呋咱(DNTF)老化过程的安全性及寿命预估  

Safety and Life Prediction of 3,4-Dinitrofurazanfuroxan(DNTF) in the Aging Process

作　　者：祝艳龙 丁黎[1] 汪辉[1] 宁艳丽[1] 周彦水[1] ZHU Yan-long;DING Li;WANG Hui;NING Yan-li;ZHOU Yan-shui(Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi'an 710065 China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,西安710065

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2022年第2期66-71,共6页Equipment Environmental Engineering

基　　金：西安近代化学研究所青年基金。

摘　　要：目的针对3,4-二硝基呋咱基氧化呋咱(DNTF)使用和贮存过程的安全性问题,拟开展老化过程的安全性研究,获得老化过程热稳定性、机械感度等变化规律及机理,为DNTF的安全使用和贮存提供技术指导。方法通过高温加速老化试验,分别研究DNTF在老化过程中的热稳定性、机械感度等安全性能变化,利用显微拉曼光谱技术和液相色谱-质谱联用技术对安全性能变化进行机理分析,并且开展不同温度下的加速老化试验,利用贝瑟洛特方程对DNTF的寿命进行预估。结果 DNTF经过90℃和115 d老化后,热失重特征温度由195.1℃升高至199.0~202.0℃,摩擦感度由60%升高至96%,撞击感度由52%升高至84%;拉曼光谱半峰宽由6.3709 cm;变为6.1103 cm;。液相色谱-质谱联用分析结果表明,质量损失1%的DNTF老化样品中有DNTF二聚体和四聚体的生成;以质量损失1%为寿命终点,预估25℃下含能材料DNTF的寿命为673.5 a。结论高温加速老化有助于提高DNTF的热稳定性,但是会导致机械感度升高,推测是DNTF老化过程晶体品质提升和DNTF二聚体、四聚体等杂质生成的原因。The safety of 3,4-Dinitrofurazanfuroxan(DNTF) in the aging process was carried out to solve the safety issues of DNTF during use and storage, and to obtain the changing laws and mechanisms of thermal stability and mechanical sensitivity in the aging process, and provide technical guidance for the safe use and storage of DNTF. The thermal stability, mechanical sensitivity changes of DNTF in the aging process were researched though high temperature accelerated aging test, and the mechanism of safety performance changes was studied by Raman spectroscopy and LC-MS spectrometry technology. The Berthlot equation was used for life prediction of DNTF after accelerated aging tests at different temperatures were carried out.The results showed that the characteristic temperature of thermal weight loss of DNTF increased from 195.1 ℃ to 199.0~202.0 ℃, and that the friction sensitivity increased from 60% to 96%, the impact sensitivity from 52% to 84% after aging at 90 ℃ for 115 days, respectively. The half width of the Raman spectrum changed from 6.3709 cm;to 6.1103 cm;. The formation of DNTF dimers and tetramers was discovered by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in DNTF aged samples with the mass loss of 1%. The service life of DNTF at 25 ℃ was calculated to be 673.5 years using mass loss of 1% as a failure criterion. High temperature accelerated aging could help to improve the thermal stability of DNTF, but lead to the increase in mechanical sensitivity. It was speculated that the improvement of crystal quality of DNTF and the formation of DNTF dimers and tetramers might be the reasons for the increase of mechanical sensitivity.

关 键 词：DNTF 加速老化 安全性 热稳定性 机械感度 寿命预估 

分 类 号：TJ450[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]