真蛸及其繁育研究  

Study on Octopus sinensis and its Breeding

作　　者：孙以康 李美帅 常青[1] 陈四清[1] SUN Yikang;LI Meishuai;CHANG Qing;CHEN Siqing(Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266071,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《水产养殖》2022年第1期27-32,共6页Journal of Aquaculture

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目;中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费项目(2020GH02)。

摘　　要：真蛸(Octopus sinensis)俗称章鱼、红章,主要分布于温带、亚热带和热带海域,是我国南方重要经济物种,具有生长速度快、繁殖力强和经济价值高等特点。真蛸体质量日增长率可达13%,食物转化率15%~43%,80 g幼蛸经过3个月养殖可长至1500 g,成熟母体产卵量6万~20万粒/只,适于规模化繁育和养殖,是国际头足类养殖开发的热点物种之一。由于真蛸幼体培育的浮游期长,技术工艺复杂,尚未建立起成熟的苗种培育技术,制约了真蛸的产业化发展进程。寻找适合真蛸幼体浮游期后期的饵料,是解决真蛸苗种繁育难题、实现产业化发展的关键。在没有合适饵料的前提下,可以尝试利用幼蛸的趋光性,在幼蛸聚群时少量多次投喂碎糠虾。在附底稚蛸阶段为幼蛸提供合适的躲藏场所,是后期保苗的关键。在实践过程中,可以用在池底堆积石块和牡蛎壳的方法为幼蛸提供躲藏场所,其中牡蛎壳的效果要优于石块。Octopus sinensis,commonly known as Octopus and Red Octopus,is mainly distributed in temperate,subtropical and tropical seas.It is an important economic species in southern China,with characteristics of fast growth,strong reproduction and high economic value.The daily growth rate of body weight is 13%,the food conversion rate is 15%-43%,the 80 g larvae can grow to 1500 g after 3 months of breeding,and the spawning capacity of mature females is 60000-200000,which is suitable for large-scale breeding and breeding,and is one of the hot spots in international cephalopod breeding and development.Due to the long incubation period and complex technology,no mature seedling cultivation technology has been established,which restricts the industrialization of squirts.In the process of squirts breeding,it is the key to find a suitable feed for the late planktic stage of squirts.In the absence of suitable feed,we can try to take advantage of the phototactic ability of squirts and feed a small amount of shredded Opossum shimp when squirts flock together.The key to protecting the larvae is to provide a suitable hiding place for them at the bottom of the pond.In practice,stones and oyster shells can be piled on the bottom of the pond to provide a hiding place for them,and the effect of oyster shells is better than that of stones.

关 键 词：真蛸 资源现状 育种 

分 类 号：S968.9[农业科学—水产养殖]