碳达峰目标下中国深海天然气水合物开发战略  

China's deepwater gas hydrate development strategies under the goal of carbon peak

作　　者：魏纳[1] 白睿玲 周守为[1] 罗平亚[1] 赵金洲[1] 张耀[1] 薛瑾 WEI Na;BAI Ruiling;ZHOU Shouwei;LUO Pingya;ZHAO Jinzhou;ZHANG Yao;XUE Jin(State Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation//Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]“油气藏地质及开发工程”国家重点实验室·西南石油大学

出　　处：《天然气工业》2022年第2期156-165,共10页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金项目“南海天然气水合物成藏机理及安全高效开采机制”(编号:U20B6005)、中国工程科技中长期发展战略研究项目“面向2035的深海天然气水合物开发战略研究”(编号:2017-ZCQ-5)、国家重点研发计划项目“深海泥质粉砂天然气水合物矿体安全高效开采机理和关键技术研究”(编号:2019YFC0312300)。

摘　　要：规模化开发海洋天然气水合物(以下简称水合物)是中国能源发展的重大战略之一。为明确碳达峰目标下中国深海水合物的开发战略,根据水合物相关论文、专利的聚类分析结果,将其开发技术划分为室内模拟测试、地质勘探、钻探取样、三气合采、环境风险监测5种技术类型,并系统研究了水合物的开发现状和深海水合物的开发方向。研究结果表明:①海洋水合物的开采技术具有意义重大和难度巨大的双重属性,在国家层面具有战略性和革命性特征,在技术层面则具有前沿性和竞争性特点;②中国海域水合物规模化开发仍面临储层热、流、力、空间、结构、多场时空演化不清,从储层、井筒到水下采油树、海底管道及下游工艺设施中气—液—砂—水合物四相复杂流动规律不清、水合物再生机制不明等理论与技术难题;③对于深水浅层水合物的开发,高精度探测技术、地球物理、地质及测井、钻探等立体化、综合探测技术是其未来主要发展方向;④水合物资源评价方法正在向精细化发展,水合物资源开发模式与试采工程趋向水合物和油气联合开发,新型合采技术和合采设备将是下一步研发的热点和前沿方向,并提出了中国深海水合物的开发路径及2020—2035年开发理论与技术路线图。结论认为:①未来深海水合物开发战略的重点是探索和突破多类型、不同赋存形式的表层、浅层、深层水合物安全高效开采工艺;②针对深海水合物不同开发模式,急需建立由局部到整体、短期到长期的综合监测、系统评价机制,确保水合物的稳定试采和规模化开发。Developing marine gas hydrate(hereinafter referred to as hydrate)in a large scale is one of China's major strategies for energy development.In order to determine China's strategies to deepwater hydrate under the goal of carbon peak,this paper classifies its development technologies into five types,i.e.,laboratory simulation test technology,geological exploration technology,drilling and sampling technology,three-gas commingled production technology and environmental risk monitoring technology,according to the clustering analysis results of the papers and patents related to hydrate.In addition,hydrate development status and deepwater hydrate development direction are studied systematically.And the following research results are obtained.First,marine hydrate production technologies have the double attributes of great significance and great difficulty and they have strategic and revolutionary characteristics in the nation level and prospective and competitive features in the technical level.Second,the large-scale hydrate development in the sea areas of China still faces several theoretical and technologies difficulties.For example,the temporal and spatial evolution of reservoir heat,fluid,mechanics,space,structure and multiple fields are not understood clearly,the complex gasliquid-sand-hydrate four-phase flow law from reservoir and wellbore to underwater Christmas tree,submarine pipeline and downstream process facility is not clarified,and the regeneration mechanism of hydrate is not recognized.Third,as for the development of deepwater shallow hydrate,high-accuracy detection technology and stereoscopic and comprehensive detection technology of geophysics,geology,logging and drilling are the main development directions in the future.Fourth,the hydrate resource evaluation method is on the way to be refined,the development mode and production test engineering of hydrate resource tend to the joint development of hydrate and oil&gas,and new commingled production technology and equipment will be the hot spot and frontier

关 键 词：天然气水合物 安全高效开采 开发战略 碳达峰 减排降碳 技术路线图 开发路径 联合开发 

分 类 号：TE5[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]