基于in vitro试验的中国典型土壤中砷的健康风险及影响因素  

In Vitro Test-based Study on Health Risks of Arsenic in Typical Soils of China and Their Influencing Factors

作　　者：陈晓晨 黄振佳 陈雨晴 尧聪聪 张剑宇 刁国旺[3] 袁菁 徐开钦 刘宪华[6] CHEN Xiaochen;HUANG Zhenjia;CHEN Yuqing;YAO Congcong;ZHANG Jianyu;DIAO Guowang;YUAN Jing;XU Kaiqin;LIU Xianhua(Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology,College of Environment and Resources,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China;Jiangsu Longchang Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Rugao,Jiangsu 226532,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225002,China;Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,National University of Kaohsiung,Kaohsiung,Taiwan 81148,China;Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management Research,National Institute for Environmental Studies,Tsukuba 305-8506,Japan;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学环境与资源学院福建省农村废弃物绿色循环技术工程研究中心,福州350108 [2]江苏隆昌化工有限公司,江苏如皋226532 [3]扬州大学化学化工学院,江苏扬州225002 [4]台湾高雄大学土木与环境工程系,台湾高雄81148 [5]国立环境研究所资源循环废弃物研究中心,日本筑波305-8506 [6]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300072

出　　处：《土壤学报》2022年第1期172-182,共11页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41807116);福建省自然科学基金项目(2019J05035);福建省中青年教师教育科研项目(JT180022)共同资助。

摘　　要：采集中国红壤、黑土、褐土、棕壤和黄壤五种典型土壤,经一个月老化制备成浓度为600 mg·kg^(-1)的砷污染土壤样品,利用体外(in vitro)试验方法(PBET-UF模型)研究经口部摄入的土壤砷在人体胃肠道的生物可给性/生物有效性,并评估其健康风险,进而从土壤性质角度(包括土壤基本理化特性及砷的赋存形态)综合地探讨砷的生物可给性/生物有效性的影响因素,以分析不同土壤间差异的原因。结果表明,土壤砷在胃阶段的生物可给性为37.2%~71.8%,小肠阶段的生物可给性为49.0%~73.3%,小肠阶段的生物有效性为48.6%~72.1%,各类型土壤间差异极显著;土壤砷从胃到小肠是一个逐步被消化溶出的过程,且小肠中溶解态砷均可透过模拟小肠上皮细胞的专用超滤膜;各类型土壤经口部摄入的砷健康风险存在极显著差异,致癌风险和非致癌风险分别超过相应可接受限值两个数量级和一个数量级;此外,土壤砷的生物可给性/生物有效性与土壤pH、游离氧化铁铝含量、迁移系数S及迁移系数W存在显著或极显著相关性,迁移系数S是影响土壤砷在胃阶段的生物可给性的主导因子,土壤pH为影响其在小肠阶段的生物可给性/生物有效性的主导因子,而游离氧化铁铝则主要通过与砷形成新矿物的方式降低其在土壤中的活性及生物可给性/生物有效性。本研究的成果将为后续开展更符合现实土壤污染情形的调查及重(类)金属污染土壤健康风险评估手段的完善做出积极贡献。【Objective】 This study aimed at accurate assessment of health risks of arsenic(As) in typical soils of China and comprehensive investigation of their influencing factors, based on oral bioaccessibility/bioavailability of soil As. 【Method】Samples of five typical soils of the country, i.e. red soil, black soil, cinnamon soil, brown soil and yellow soil, were collected and prepared into As-contaminated samples by spiking As at 600 mg·kg^(-1). After one-month aging, bioaccessibility/bioavailability of soil As in the gastrointestinal tract of a human being were studied, and its health risk was evaluated by means of in vitro test(PBET-UF model). Besides, from the perspective of soil properties(soil basic physicochemical properties and As fractions),influencing factors of As bioaccessibility/bioavailability were explored and variation of As bioaccessibility/bioavailability with the soil analyzed. 【Result】 Results show that As bioaccessibility/bioavailability significantly varied between soils, as As bioaccessibility ranged from 37.2% to 71.8% in the gastric phase and from 49.0% to 73.3% in the small intestinal phase, while As bioavailability in the small intestinal phase ranged from 48.6% to 72.1%. It was indicated that from the stomach to the small intestine soil As was gradually dissolved by digestive fluids, and almost all the dissolved As in the small intestine could pass through the specific ultrafiltration membrane used to simulate small intestinal epithelium. Also, health risks of soil As through oral ingestion significantly varied with the soil. Based on the estimated As bioaccessibility in the gastric phase, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of As in the five soils varied in the range of 4.28×10^(-4)–8.26×10^(-4) and in the range of 14.86–28.69,respectively;and based on the estimated As bioavailability in the small intestinal phase, they did in the range of 5.59×10^(-4)–8.30×10^(-4) and in the range of 19.40–28.81, respectively. The carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk was

关 键 词：砷 迁移系数 土壤PH 游离氧化铁铝 生物可给性 生物有效性 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4