页岩气开采水力压裂返排水中化学污染物的组成特征  

Compositional characteristics of chemical pollutants in flowback water during shale gas hydraulic fracking

作　　者：韩民 黄晨 刘世洋[1,2,3] 金彪 张干 HAN Min;HUANG Chen;LIU Shiyang;JIN Biao;ZHANG Gan(State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou,510640,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science,Guangzhou,510640,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室,广州510640 [2]中国科学院深地科学卓越创新中心,广州510640 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《环境化学》2022年第1期305-314,共10页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项(2019YFC1805500)资助.

摘　　要：伴随全球页岩气规模化开发,相关的区域环境问题引起了学界和公众的持续关注。页岩气开采与区域水资源息息相关,水力压裂不仅消耗大量水资源,而且产生返排废水,成分复杂,含数以千计的化学物质。因此,有关返排水中有机单体的相关研究越来越受关注。本文系统总结了近年来的相关文献和成果,重点论述了压裂返排水中有机污染物的来源、种类、浓度水平以及可能造成的人体健康危害。另外,针对持久、迁移性和毒性有机污染物(PMT),这类不易吸附、降解,且可以逐水迁移易在饮用水水源和地下水中累积的化合物,通过甄别、枚举了返排水中已检测出的PMT,并阐述了PMT对区域水资源的潜在危害。最后,鉴于当前我国页岩气开发场地的化学污染相关工作尚处于初步研究阶段,对未来的重要工作进行了展望。Accompanied with rapid growth of shale gas industry,associated environmental problems have received continuous attention from the academia and public.Shale gas production is tightly linked to regional water resources.Specifically,shale gas extraction is consuming huge amount of fresh water resources,and the produced wastewater also contain thousands of chemical components.Thus,the relevant studies focusing on organic pollutants in the flowback water are receiving increasing interests.Our study summarizes the information on types,sources,concentration levels and harmful health effects of various organic pollutants introduced during shale gas production.Specially,the known persistent,mobile and toxic compounds(PMT)detected in flowback water,which are less sorptive but persistent,which could accumulate in drinking water resources and groundwater aquifers,were exemplified.Also,the potential impact on the regional drinking water resources and groundwater quality were demonstrated.Lastly,given that chemical pollution associated with shale gas production in China is still in early stage,our study also provided outlook for future studies.

关 键 词：返排水 页岩气 水力压裂 化学污染物 

分 类 号：X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程]