复合自养反硝化材料处理低碳氮比硝酸盐污水  

Research on the treatment of low C/N ratio nitrate sewage by composite autotrophic denitrification material

作　　者：王滢 邓阳 陈男[1] 胡伟武[2] 冯传平[1] WANG Ying;DENG Yang;CHEN Nan;HU Weiwu;FENG Chuanping(School of Water Resources and Environment,MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing,100083,China;China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Journal Center,Beijing,100083,China)

机构地区：[1]地下水循环与环境演变教育部重点实验室,中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院,北京100083 [2]中国地质大学(北京)期刊中心,北京100083

出　　处：《环境化学》2022年第1期365-375,共11页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1805300);国家自然科学基金(42077163)资助.

摘　　要：作为一种典型的硝酸盐污水,低碳氮比硝酸盐污水的存在具有广泛性,且对生态环境和居民健康带来的危害日益突出。本研究构建了复合硫自养反硝化(CSAD)体系,基于硫-碳酸钙型复合材料与微生物,进行低碳氮比硝酸盐污水的深度处理,分析了材料投加量、粒径以及进水硝酸盐浓度对CSAD的影响,并探究了硝酸盐去除的动力学行为。结果表明,体系中NO_(3)^(-)-N去除率为52.7%—99.9%,NO_(2)^(-)-N在NO_(3)^(-)-N浓度降低至5 mg·L^(-1)左右时由积累转变为迅速下降;复合材料投加量较低(1 g·L^(-1))时,自养阶段体系内电子供体数量不能满足微生物反硝化需求;增大投加量可提高NO_(3)^(-)-N去除速率并降低反应过程中NO_(2)^(-)-N积累量。当粒径大于2.5 mm时,复合材料利用效率显著降低。Michaelis-Menten方程拟合表明,投加量增大提高了酶与底物亲和力,促进V_(max)增大,粒径减小增大了亲和力,但V_(max)却减小。进水NO_(3)^(-)-N浓度增大至50 mg·L^(-1)时,亲和力显著降低,但V_(max)增大可能与微生物数量增多有关。本研究从动力学角度上揭示了不同工艺参数对复合材料反硝化过程的影响,同时也为基于复合自养反硝化材料的低碳氮比污水深度处理的实际工程应用提供参考。As a typical nitrate sewage,the existence of low C/N nitrate sewage is widespread and the harm to ecological environment and residents'health is becoming increasingly prominent.In this study,we constructed a composite sulfur autotrophic denitrification(CSAD)system based on sulfur-calcium carbonate composite material and microorganism for the advanced treatment of nitrate sewage with low C/N.The effects of material dosage,particle size and influent nitrate concentration on CSAD were analyzed,and the kinetic behavior of nitrate removal was explored.The results showed that the NO_(3)^(-)-N removal rate of CSAD was between 52.7%and 99.9%,and NO_(2)^(-)-N changed from accumulation to rapid decrease when NO_(3)^(-)-N concentration decreased to around 5 mg·L^(-1).When the dosage of composite material was low(1 g·L^(-1)),the number of electron donors in the autotrophic system can not meet the demand of microbial denitrification.Increasing the dosage of composite materials can increase the NO_(3)^(-)-N removal rate and reduce the NO_(2)^(-)-N accumulation in the process.The utilization efficiency of the composite materials decreased significantly when the particle size was larger than 2.5 mm.The fitting of the Michaelis-Menten equation showed that the increase in dosage increased the affinity of the enzyme and the substrate,thus it promoted the increase of V_(max).The decrease of particle size enhanced the affinity,but the V_(max) decreased.When the influent NO_(3)^(-)-N concentration increased to 50 mg·L^(-1),the affinity decreased significantly.However,the increase of V_(max) may be related to the increase in the number of microorganisms.This study revealed the influence of different composite materials parameters on the denitrification process from the perspective of dynamics,and also provided a reference for the practical engineering application of advanced treatment of low C/N sewage based on composite autotrophic denitrification materials.

关 键 词：低碳氮比硝酸盐污水 复合自养反硝化材料 脱氮 动力学 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]