史书多维知识重组与可视化研究--以《史记》为对象  

Multi-Dimensional Knowledge Reorganization and Visualization of History Books:Based on Records of the Grand Historian

作　　者：张琪 王东波[2] 黄水清[2] 邓三鸿[1,3] Zhang Qi;Wang Dongbo;Huang Shuiqing;Deng Sanhong(School of Information Management,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023;College of Information Management,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Service,Nanjing 210023)

机构地区：[1]南京大学信息管理学院,南京210023 [2]南京农业大学信息管理学院,南京210095 [3]江苏省数据工程与知识服务重点实验室,南京210023

出　　处：《情报学报》2022年第2期130-141,共12页Journal of the China Society for Scientific and Technical Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于典籍引得的句法级汉英平行语料库构建及人文计算研究”(71673143)。

摘　　要：艰涩的古汉语文法和线性的内容呈现方式是普通读者从史籍原文获取所需信息的两大障碍。该问题的解决需要实现史书知识重组与形式再造,即支持从时间、人物、地点等多个维度出发获取史书中的知识,并以图结构的方式呈现所返回的结构化知识以及对应的史书原文,从而在降低相关信息的获取与理解难度的同时,拉近读者与史籍原文的距离。然而,目前基于史书原文获取结构化知识的研究较少,已有研究自动化程度较低,且多在可视化呈现上与史书原文相割裂。因此,本研究提出并实现了史书多维知识重组与可视化系统,该系统包括史书多维知识建模、基于古籍智能处理技术的史书多维知识库自动构建与多维知识可视化三部分。最终将该系统应用于我国第一部纪传体史书《史记》,实现了其以人物、时间、地点、社会集团、职官等不同维度为中心的自动重组与可视化。Because the grammar and linear presentation in ancient Chinese are two major obstacles for non-specialists to obtain information from ancient Chinese history books,the reorganization and re-presentation of the knowledge in history books is required.This implies supporting the knowledge acquisition from multiple dimensions(such as time,people,and places),and presenting the returned structured knowledge with the corresponding original text from history books in the form of a graph.This is expected to solve the aforementioned limitations and bring readers closer to the original text in his-tory books.However,although some researches extract knowledge based on the original text,there is little automation,and the visualization of knowledge is mostly separated from the history books.In this study,we propose a system that includes three aspects,namely multidimensional modeling of the knowledge in history books,multidimensional-knowledge-based construction,and visualization platform realization.Finally,we apply the proposed system to Records of the Grand Histori-an(Shiji)by reorganizing the automated books and constructing a visual platform on different dimensions such as charac-ters,time,places,social groups,and official positions.

关 键 词：知识组织 数字人文 史书体裁 史记 古籍智能处理技术 

分 类 号：G255.1[文化科学—图书馆学] K204.2[历史地理—历史学]