拜登政府对华网络空间政策与中国应对  

The Biden Administration’s Cyberspace Policy toward China and China’s Response

作　　者：凌胜利[1] Ling Shengli(International Security Studies,China Foreign Affairs University)

机构地区：[1]外交学院国际安全研究中心

出　　处：《和平与发展》2022年第1期38-57,137,共21页Peace and Development

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“百年大变局下中国外交能力建设”(项目编号:21BGJ071)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：拜登政府执政以来,为了保持美国的网络空间技术优势和掌握其规则制定权,在网络空间领域仍对中国持强硬态度。拜登政府的对华网络空间政策具体举措,包括增强技术能力、强化供应链安全、炒作中国网络威胁、强化联盟关系、制定国际网络规则五个方面。拜登政府此举主要基于四方面考量:将中国视为最为强劲的竞争对手;重视网络安全;以网络空间合作为抓手修复联盟关系;重视国际制度领导权,谋求掌握制定网络空间国际规则的权力。拜登政府的对华网络空间政策,将会增加中美网络空间"技术脱钩"风险,也会导致中美战略竞争难以缓解,致使美国的盟国在网络空间领域的战略选择更加困难,进而影响全球网络空间治理。因此,中国需要在增强自身网络空间实力的基础上,化解美国在国际上的对华联合施压,缓解中美在网络空间领域的竞争,破解美国对华网络空间的污名化,增强中国在网络空间治理方面的话语权。Since taking office,the Biden administration remains tough on China in cyberspace in order to maintain the technological edge of the United States and control its rule-making power in the field of cyberspace.The specific measures of the Biden administration’s cyberspace policy toward China involve five aspects,such as enhancing technological capabilities,strengthening supply chain security,hyping up Chinese cyber threats,strengthening alliance,and formulating international cyber rules,which are mainly based on four considerations,namely taking China as the strongest competitor,stressing cyber security,repairing alliance relations through cooperation in cyberspace,and attaching importance to the leadership of the international system to seek the power of writing international rules in cyberspace.The implementation of such a cyberspace policy toward China by the Biden administration will not only increase the risk of“technological decoupling”between China and the United States,but also make it difficult to ease the strategic competition between the two countries,thus making it harder for U.S.allies to make strategic choices in cyberspace,and further still affecting global cyberspace governance.

关 键 词：网络空间 网络安全 网络竞争 中美关系 拜登政府 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]