散射成像在小尺度缝洞体识别中的应用——以川中古隆起灯影组为例  

Application of scattering imaging in small-scale fracture cavity recognition:A case study of Dengying Formation in central Sichuan paleo-uplift

作　　者：姜晓宇[1] 宋涛[1] 甘利灯[1] 戴晓峰[1] 丁骞 周晓越 JIANG Xiaoyu;SONG Tao;GAN Lideng;DAI Xiaofeng;DING Qian;ZHOU Xiaoyue(Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,PetroChina,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2022年第1期206-211,I0009,共7页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：中国石油集团前瞻性基础性技术攻关项目“物探采集处理解释关键技术研究”之课题“复杂碳酸盐岩储层结构表征关键地球物理技术研究”(2021DJ3701);中国石油股份公司科技项目“裂缝型致密储层渗透性地震预测新技术研究”(kt2021-12-02)联合资助。

摘　　要：川中古隆起灯影组的小尺度岩溶缝洞单元在地震剖面上响应特征不明显,灯影组气藏缝洞体的地震刻画异常困难。为了加强小尺度缝洞体的地震反射特征、预测小尺度缝洞体的分布,基于全方位局部角度域成像方法,对全方位共倾角道集进行散射叠加成像,增强了小尺度缝洞体的地震响应。根据小尺度缝洞体在散射成像频谱中表现的强能量谱特征,提取散射成像数据的能量体属性用于描述储层的缝洞体发育特征,取得了很好的效果,并得到以下结论:①相比于常规Kirchhoff偏移成像方法,全方位局部角度域成像方法效果更好;②散射成像数据体能够增强不连续地质体的地震响应,反映小尺度缝洞体等地质现象;③以川中古隆起灯影组储层为例,利用散射成像数据体提取的能量体属性特征比常规的叠后地震数据能够更清晰地反映缝洞等不连续地质体的分布。The response characteristics of small-scale Karst fracture-cavity units in Dengying Formation of the central Sichuan paleo-uplift are not distinct on the seismic profile,which makes the seismic characterization difficult for fracture cavities in Dengying Formation.To strengthen the seismic reflection characteristics and predict the distribution of small-scale fracture cavities,we perform the scattering imaging on the full-azimuth common dip-angle gather with the full-azimuth local angledomain imaging method.This intensifies the seismic reflection characteristics of small-scale fracture cavities.According to the strong energy spectrum characteristics of the small-scale fracture cavities in the scattering imaging,the energy body attributes are extracted from scattering imaging data for the description of the fracture cavity development characteristics.The following conclusions are obtained:①The full-azimuth local angle-domain imaging method is more effective than the conventional Kirchhoff migration imaging method;②The scattering imaging data volume can enhance the seismic reflection characteristics of discontinuous geological bodies and reflect the geological phenomena such as small-scale fracture cavities;③With the reservoir in Dengying Formation in the central Sichuan paleo-uplift as an example,the energy body attribute features extracted from the scattering imaging data volume are better than those extracted from the conventional post-stack seismic data in the reflection of the distribution of discontinuous geological bodies such as fracture cavities.

关 键 词：角度域成像 散射成像 川中灯影组 能量体 小尺度缝洞体 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]