白洋淀沉积物耗氧速率及氧亏效应研究  

Sediment oxygen demand and the overlying water oxygen deficit in Lake Baiyangdian

作　　者：曹阳 温胜芳[2] 王晓[1] 单保庆[2] CAO Yang;WEN Shengfang;WANG Xiao;SHAN Baoqing(China University of Mining and Technology,School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics,Xuzhou 221116;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemisty,Research Center for Eco-Environment Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,徐州221116 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2022年第2期240-248,共9页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

摘　　要：沉积物耗氧是影响水体溶解氧平衡的重要因素,受到沉积物有机质矿化的影响.本文采用柱培养法测定了白洋淀不同水文地貌分区和生境类型的表层沉积物耗氧速率(sediment oxygen demand,SOD),并基于地表水质量标准评估了白洋淀沉积物耗氧对水体产生的氧亏效应,探讨了白洋淀SOD与有机质(OM)的关系.结果表明,白洋淀沉积物有机质含量为4~14%,均值为9%;SOD为0.14~0.59 g·m^(-2)·d^(-1),均值为0.28 g·m^(-2)·d^(-1).不同水文地貌分区的SOD顺序为:西南入流区<混流区<北部入流区<南部通道区<西北入流区.各生境顺序为:台田沟壕<鱼塘<开阔水面<水道<沼泽.水质效应分析发现,白洋淀现状SOD水平可导致沉积物-水界面溶解氧(DO)在11.5~29.1 h后由氧饱和状态降到3 mg·L^(-1)(Ⅳ类水质标准),在13.7~34.6 h后降到2 mg·L^(-1)(Ⅴ类水质标准),可能对底栖生物生命活动产生严重影响.相关性分析显示,白洋淀SOD与沉积物有机质无显著相关,白洋淀沉积物有机质含量不能作为表征其沉积物耗氧水平的指标.Sediment oxygen consumption which is affected by the sediment organic matter content can influence the dissolved oxygen balance in overlying water.The core incubation method was used to determine the sediment oxygen demand(SOD)of surface sediments in Lake Baiyangdian for different hydrogeomorphology zones and habitat types.On the basis of standards for surface water environment quality in China,the oxygen deficiency of SOD in Lake Baiyangdian was evaluated,and the relationship between SOD and organic matter(OM)in the lake is discussed.results showed that the OM content in sediments ranged from 4%to 14%with a mean value of 9%.SOD ranged from 0.14 to 0.59 g·m^(-2)·d^(-1) with a mean of 0.28 g·m^(-2)·d^(-1).The SOD values in different hydrogeomorphology zones were in the following order(from lowest to highest):southwest inflow zone<mixed flow zone<north inflow zone<south channel zone<northwest inflow zone.Moreover,the SOD values for different habitats were(from lowest to highest):ditch of raised field<fish pond<open water<water channel<mash.water quality analysis results showed that the current SOD level in Lake Baiyangdian could lead to a decrease in dissolved oxygen(DO)of overlying water from oxygen saturation to 3 mg·L^(-1)(Class IV water quality standard)after approximately 11.5~29.1 h and to 2 mg·L^(-1)(Class V water quality standard)after approximately 13.7~34.6 h,which would have a serious impact on the metabolism of benthic organisms.Finally,there was no significant correlation between SOD and OM in Lake Baiyangdian,nor could the OM content in Lake Baiyangdian sediments be used as an indicator to characterize the oxygen consumption level of the sediments.

关 键 词：白洋淀 沉积物 沉积物耗氧速率 有机质 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]