粤北山地城市近地面臭氧污染特征及气象影响因素分析--以韶关为例  

Analysis of characteristics of surface ozone pollution and meteorological factors in a mountain city of northern Guangdong:A case study in Shaoguan

作　　者：黎煜满 李磊 王浩霖 许欣祺 贺沅平 陈虹颖 何成 郑昱 汪海恒 范绍佳 LI Yuman;LI Lei;WANG Haolin;XU Xinqi;HE Yuanping;CHEN Hongying;HE Cheng;ZHENG Yu;WANG Haiheng;FAN Shaojia(School of Atmospheric Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082;Shaoguan Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Guangdong Province,Shaoguan 512026;Shaoguan Meteorological Bureau,Shaoguan 512000;Guangdong Provincial Observation and Research Station for Climate Environment and Air Quality Change in the Pearl River Estuary,Guangzhou 510275;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai),Zhuhai 519082)

机构地区：[1]中山大学大气科学学院,珠海519082 [2]广东省韶关生态环境监测中心站,韶关512026 [3]广东省韶关市气象局,韶关512000 [4]广东省环珠江口气候环境与空气质量变化野外科学观测研究站,广州510275 [5]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海),珠海519082

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2022年第2期258-270,共13页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(No.2020B1111360003);广东省科技计划项目(No.2019B121201002)。

摘　　要：利用2015-2019年韶关市3个地面环境空气质量国控站逐时臭氧(O_(3))观测资料、同期的气象资料、ECMWF(欧洲中期天气预报中心)ERA5再分析资料和2017-2019年广东南岭背景空气自动监测站逐时臭氧(O_(3))观测资料,对粤北山地城市(以韶关为例)的近地面臭氧污染特征及气象影响因素进行了系统分析,包括韶关近地面O_(3)污染变化特征及其与气象因子的关系,以及O_(3)传输路径和潜在源区;特别针对多盆地地形的特点,分析了盆地效应对O_(3)浓度变化规律的影响.结果表明:①即使是在远离珠三角的粤北山地城市,2015-2019年近地面O_(3)污染超标持续时间逐年加长,韶关O_(3)MDA8(臭氧日最大8 h滑动平均浓度)第95分位数的增长趋势为3.965μg·m^(-3)·a^(-1);②O_(3)年变化特征呈单峰型分布,峰值出现在9月;日变化特征也呈单峰型分布,峰值出现在15:00-16:00;③韶关O_(3)传输通道一是来自广东省清远和珠三角(如广州、佛山、肇庆)地区,二是来自江西省赣州;④受盆地效应主导,盆地内的3种典型站点(城区站、工业区站、郊区站)O_(3)分布变化特征基本相似,背风坡“盆地效应”下沉气流易导致近地面O_(3)堆积.Based on the hourly monitoring data of ozone(O_(3))concentrations and meteorological conditions at three environmental air quality monitoring stations in Shaoguan City from 2015 to 2019,the fifth-generation global atmospheric reanalysis data(ERA5)produced by ECMWF(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts),and the hourly monitoring data of O_(3)concentrations at Nanling Background Air Automatic Monitoring Station in Shaoguan City from 2017—2019,the variation characteristics of surface O_(3)pollution and its relationship with meteorological factors in a mountain city of northern Guangdong(Shaoguan)were analyzed,including the characteristics of near-surface O_(3)pollution variations in Shaoguan and its correlation with meteorological factors,O_(3)transport channel and potential source areas,especially the“basin effects”on the variation of O_(3)concentration due to the special topographic structure in Shaoguan.The results indicated that:①Even far away from the Pearl River Delta,the duration of surface ozone pollution in Shaoguan City increased year by year during 2015—2019,and the 95th percentile of maximum daily 8-hour average O_(3)(MDA8)increased with a trend of 3.965μg·m^(-3)·a^(-1).②The annually variation characteristics of O_(3)showed a single peak distribution,and the peak value appeared in September.The daily variation characteristics also showed a single peak distribution,and the peak value appeared during 15:00—16:00.③The main transport channels of O_(3)pollution over Shaoguan City came from Guangdong Province(Qingyuan)and Pearl River Delta area(e.g.,Guangzhou,Foshan and Zhaoqing)and Jiangxi Province(Ganzhou).④The distribution characteristics of O_(3)in three typical stations(urban station,industrial station and suburban station)were similar due to“basin effects”.The cause of the O_(3)pollution in Shaoguan was that O_(3)could transfer through transport channel and then accumulate near the surface driven by the downdraft on leeward slope.

关 键 词：臭氧(O_(3)) 山地城市 韶关 气象因子 盆地效应 传输通道 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X16