税收优惠方式对研发投入激励效应研究  

Research on the Incentive Effect of Tax Preferences on R&D Input

作　　者：曲晓辉[1,2] 王俊 张瑞丽[3] QU Xiao-hui;WANG Jun;ZHANG Rui-li(School of Management,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China;School of Economics and Management,Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen),Shenzhen 518055,China;School of Accounting,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学管理学院,福建厦门361005 [2]哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)经济管理学院,广东深圳518055 [3]广东外语外贸大学会计学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《税务与经济》2022年第1期7-16,共10页Taxation and Economy

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(16JJD790035);深圳市人文社会科学重点研究基地项目。

摘　　要：以我国2014~2020年A股上市公司为样本,利用手工搜集整理的独特数据,获取了上市公司实际享受的税率优惠、加计扣除、加速折旧摊销的金额,并以此为基础检验不同税收优惠方式对企业研发投入的激励效应。实证结果表明,税率优惠、加计扣除、加速折旧摊销这三种税收优惠方式都能激励企业加大研发投入,三种税收优惠方式对研发投入的激励效果由大到小为:加计扣除>加速折旧摊销>税率优惠;三种税收优惠方式的激励效应两两间存在替代关系,即"1+1<2";三种税收优惠方式对高新技术企业和非高新技术企业的研发投入都有正向激励效应,但激励效应的大小不同。Using a unique and carefully handpicked and processed dataset sorted out based on financials of Ashare listed companies for the period from 2014 to 2020,the preferential tax rates,super deductions,and amounts of accelerated depreciation and amortization actually enjoyed by the listed companies are obtained. Based on above data,this paper tests whether each type of tax preferences can motivate companies to increase their R&D input. The empirical results show that preferential tax rate,super deduction,and accelerated depreciation and amortization can motivate companies to increase R&D input. The magnitude of the incentive effects towards R&D input ranks as: super deduction > accelerated depreciation and amortization > preferential tax rate. The incentive effects among the three types of tax preferences are substitution effect,namely " 1 + 1 < 2". All three types of tax preferences have positive incentive effects towards the R&D input of companies at the growth stage and those at the maturity stage,but the effects for companies at the growth stage are greater. All three types of tax preferences have positive incentive effects towards the R&D input of HNTEs( High and New Technology Enterprises) and non-HNTEs,but the magnitude of those effects varies.

关 键 词：税收优惠 研发投入 激励效应 

分 类 号：F810.42[经济管理—财政学] F235.19