复合乳酸菌发酵饲料对生长猪生长性能、粪便菌群、血清免疫和抗氧化指标的影响  

Effects of Compound Lactic Acid Bacteria Fermented Feed on Growth Performance,Fecal Microflora,Serum Immune and Antioxidant Indexes of Growing Pigs

作　　者：刘辉[1] 季海峰[1] 王四新[1] 张董燕[1] 王晶[1] 张伟[1] 王雅民[1] LIU Hui;JI Haifeng;WANG Sixin;ZHANG Dongyan;WANG Jing;ZHANG Wei;WANG Yamin(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院畜牧兽医研究所,北京100097

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第2期783-794,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：生猪产业技术体系北京市创新团队建设项目(BAIC02);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX201914);北京市农林科学院畜牧所事业基金(XMSSYJJ202102)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究复合乳酸菌发酵饲料对生长猪生长性能、粪便菌群、血清免疫和抗氧化指标的影响。选取平均体重(40.69±1.16) kg的健康"长×大"二元生长猪90头,随机分为3个组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加1%和3%复合乳酸菌发酵饲料的试验饲粮,试验期34 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,1)试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的料重比显著降低(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组的平均日增重显著增加(P<0.05);2)试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组粪便中乳酸菌数量显著增加(P<0.05),大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌数量显著减少(P<0.05);3)试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组粪便中拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05),狭义梭菌属1(Clostridium_ensu_tricto_1)的相对丰度显著增加(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组粪便中链球菌属(Streptococcus)的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05);4)试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组血清总蛋白、球蛋白含量显著升高(P<0.05),尿素氮、总胆固醇含量以及谷丙转氨酶活性显著降低(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组血清谷草转氨酶活性显著降低(P<0.05);5)试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组血清免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白M含量以及超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著升高(P<0.05),丙二醛含量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上可知,饲粮中添加1%的复合乳酸菌发酵饲料可提高生长猪的生长性能,改善肠道菌群组成,并可增强机体的免疫功能和抗氧化功能。To evaluate the effects of compound lactic acid bacteria fermented feed on growth performance,fecal microflora,serum immune and antioxidant indexes of growing pigs,a total of 90 Landrace × Yorkshire crossbred growing pigs with an average body weight of(40.69±1.16)kg were divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates per group and 10 pigs per replicate. Pigs in the control group were fed a basal diet,and the others in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1%(experimental groupⅠ)and 3%(experimental groupⅡ)compound lactic acid bacteria fermented feed,respectively. The trial lasted for 34 days. The results showed that,compared with control:1)the average daily gain(ADG)was significantly increased in experimental groupⅠ (P < 0. 05),while the feed/gain(F/G)was significantly decreased in experimental groupsⅠandⅡ (P < 0. 05);2)the number of fecal lactic acid bacteria was significantly increased(P <0.05),while the numbers of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were significantly decreased in experimental groupsⅠandⅡ (P<0.05);3)the relative abundance of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 in experimental groupsⅠandⅡwas significantly increased(P<0.05),while the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in experimental groupsⅠandⅡand Streptococcus in experimental groupⅡwere significantly decreased(P<0.05);4)serum total protein(TP)and globulin(GLB)contents were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the contents of urea nitrogen(UN)and total cholesterol(TC),and the alanine transaminase(ALT)activity were significantly decreased in experimental groupsⅠandⅡ (P<0.05),and the serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST)activity was significantly decreased in experimental groupⅠ (P<0.05);5)the contents of immunoglobulin G(IgG)and immunoglobulin M(IgM),and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in serum were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the malonaldehyde(MDA)content was significantly decreased in experimental groupsⅠandⅡ (P<0.05). In summary,dietary

关 键 词：复合乳酸菌发酵饲料 生长猪 生长性能 粪便菌群 免疫指标 抗氧化指标 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]