氮化硼作为催化剂载体的功能化改性及其应用进展  

Functional modification and application progress of boron nitride as catalyst support

作　　者：卢琼 王争争 尚云云 安静[2] 段彦栋 王德松[2] 唐成春[1] LU Qiong;WANG Zhengzheng;SHANG Yunyun;AN Jing;DUAN Yandong;WANG Dengsong;TANG Chengchun(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300130,China;School of Science,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050018,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学材料科学与工程学院,天津300130 [2]河北科技大学理学院,河北石家庄050018

出　　处：《河北科技大学学报》2022年第1期59-69,共11页Journal of Hebei University of Science and Technology

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金(E2018202129,B2021208007);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(ZD2021321)。

摘　　要：六方氮化硼(h-BN)具有良好的高温稳定性和抗酸碱腐蚀性,与多种半导体、金属等纳米材料复合可形成性能优良的新材料。但受禁带较宽和化学惰性所限,影响了h-BN在催化材料领域的广泛应用。对h-BN进行功能化,是开发h-BN材料新特性和扩大其应用领域的重要途径。概述了h-BN在物理层面和化学层面的功能化制备方法,重点分析了对h-BN表面及边缘进行羟基化、氨基化,以及通过与金属复合、构建异质结、掺杂非金属元素等改性手段,制得的不同形貌h-BN功能纳米材料的新性能,介绍了h-BN功能化纳米材料在提高催化及光催化性能方面取得的进展,包括纳米贵金属/h-BN复合材料催化氧化还原反应、h-BN/半导体复合构建异质结光催化降解有机污染物及光解水产氢、杂原子掺杂h-BN催化氧化还原反应等,展望了功能化h-BN纳米材料的应用前景,提出可在以下几方面对h-BN的功能化技术进行深入研究:1)结合多孔h-BN的结构特性,制备经济有效的金属/h-BN复合催化剂;2)利用h-BN边缘的—OH和—NH;活泼基团,诱导杂原子替代h-BN中的B元素或N元素,制备高效h-BN基催化剂;3)结合先进的分析技术,设计开发具有精确性能导向的功能化h-BN纳米材料。Hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN) has good high temperature stability and resistance to acid and alkali corrosion.It can form new materials with excellent properties by compounding with a variety of semiconductors, metals and other nanomaterials.However, the wide band gap and chemical inertia limit the wide application of h-BN in catalytic materials.Functionalization of h-BN is an important way to develop new properties of h-BN materials and expand their application fields.The preparation methods of h-BN functionalization at physical and chemical levels were summarized.The new properties of h-BN functional nanomaterials with different morphologies were analyzed by hydroxylation and amination on the surface and edge of h-BN,compounding with metals, constructing heterojunctions, doping non-metal elements and other modification methods.Advances in catalytic and photocatalytic performance of h-BN functionalized nanomaterials were reviewed, including catalytic redox reaction of noble nano-metal/h-BN composites, photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants by h-BN/semiconductor heterojunction and photodecomposition of aquatic hydrogen, catalytic redox reaction by hetero-atom doped h-BN,etc.The application prospect of functionalized h-BN nanomaterials was prospected.It was proposed that the functionalization technology of h-BN can be deeply studied in the following aspects: 1) prepare an economical and effective metal/h-BN composite catalyst combining with the porous structure propertiesof porous h-BN;2) prepare a high-performance h-BN based catalyst via substitution of B or N elements in h-BN with heteroatoms due tothe induction of-OH and-NH;active groups at the edge of h-BN;3) design and develop the exact property-oriented functionalized h-BN materialsby combining cutting-edge analytical technology.

关 键 词：聚合物基复合材料 氮化硼 功能化 微观结构调控 催化性能 掺杂改性 应用进展 

分 类 号：TQ311[化学工程—高聚物工业] TQ314.2