大豆籽粒大小遗传调控研究现状  

Current status of genetic regulation in soybean seed size

作　　者：余晗 张红香[1] 袁珊 YU Han;ZHANG Hongxiang;YUAN Shan(Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology(Beijing),Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130102 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所农业农村部北京大豆生物学重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《土壤与作物》2022年第1期18-30,共13页Soils and Crops

基　　金：中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所自选/自主部署项目(E155S105).

摘　　要：籽粒大小是大豆产量和外观品质的重要构成要素,具有巨大的经济价值,一直以来都是育种的主要目标之一。大豆籽粒大小由胚、胚乳和种皮发育共同协调决定。目前已报道的与大豆籽粒重相关的QTL位点309个,但大多位点尚未进行功能验证。已发现的与大豆籽粒大小相关的基因有17个,多数与母本种皮发育调控相关,其它与合子组织和植物激素调控途径相关。其中,发挥正向和负向调控作用的基因分别有12个和4个。在不影响大豆品质情况下,PP2C-1、Gm20OX和CYP78A等基因在植物个体发育过程中对籽粒大小的调节发挥关键作用,有望成为大豆分子设计育种中的优良靶点。本文重点从连锁分析和关联分析方法,介绍了已鉴定的与大豆籽粒大小相关的QTL及其位点,综述了大豆籽粒大小调控分子机制的研究进展,并根据现阶段的研究探讨了未来的研究热点和研究方向,以期为大豆籽粒分子调控机制全面解析和高产育种技术创新提供理论参考。Seed size is one of important agronomic traits for yield and appearance quality in soybean,which is one of the major objectives of breeding with great economic values.Soybean seed size is coordinately determined by the development of embryo,endosperm and seed coat.At least 309 QTL loci are related to seed size in soybean,however,most of their molecular functionals have not yet been identified.Among the 17 seed size-associated genes,most of them are predominantly controlled by the internal genetic information from maternal and zygotic tissues,and others are phytohormones signals,including 12 positive and 4 negative regulatory genes.The PP2C-1,Gm20OX,CYP78A and others are expected to be elite gene targets for molecular design breeding of soybean,which play key roles in regulating seed size during plant ontogeny without affecting seed qualities.In this review,we summarized the identified QTL related to seed size of soybean by linkage and association analysis,with particular emphasis on the genetic and molecular mechanisms of newly identified regulators in soybean.Future research and hot spots were also discussed in order to provide theoretical reference for the molecular regulation mechanism and the innovation of high-yield breeding technology in soybean.

关 键 词：大豆 籽粒大小 种子大小 遗传调控 QTL 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]